Dataset Information

Dataset reporting 4654 cow milk proteins listed according to lactation stages and milk fractions.

ABSTRACT: Milk contains numerous proteins including bioactive molecules that may be important in human nutrition. Thanks to improvements in proteomic methods, hundreds of proteins identified in milk are available through open data from different publications. We gathered these public data to produce an atlas reporting the cow milk proteins. We aggregated data from 20 publications reporting milk proteome and produced an atlas of 4654 unique proteins detected in milk from healthy cows. In this atlas, proteins are categorized according to four milk fractions: skimmed milk, whey, milk fat globule membranes (MFGM) and exosomes; and five lactation stages: colostrum period, early lactation, peak of lactation, mid-lactation and drying-off. These 9 protein lists were compared and annotated by Gene Ontology (GO) terms to identify the pathways they contribute to, the molecular signatures of different milk fractions and lactation stages. This data article compiles the 4654 cow milk proteins. This atlas may be used by researchers on human nutrition interested in milk protein allergy and/or digestibility in humans, and for milk processing industry. The atlas may be useful to i) find molecular signatures of physiological adaptations of dairy cows, ii) facilitate the isolation of proteins of interest, thanks to the knowledge on their presence in milk fractions and their period of secretion during lactation.

SUBMITTER: Delosiere M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6992951 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dataset reporting 4654 cow milk proteins listed according to lactation stages and milk fractions.

Delosière Mylène M Pires José A A JAA Bernard Laurence L Cassar-Malek Isabelle I Bonnet Muriel M

Data in brief 20200107

Milk contains numerous proteins including bioactive molecules that may be important in human nutrition. Thanks to improvements in proteomic methods, hundreds of proteins identified in milk are available through open data from different publications. We gathered these public data to produce an atlas reporting the cow milk proteins. We aggregated data from 20 publications reporting milk proteome and produced an atlas of 4654 unique proteins detected in milk from healthy cows. In this atlas, protei ...[more]

PMID: 32016138

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Project description:Human milk (breastmilk) is much more than nutrition for the infant, containing an array of regulatory agents with immunoprotective and developmental functions. Amongst those, microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been identified, with their properties, roles, origin and distribution in breastmilk as well as in the mammary gland being still undetermined. In this study, we examined the miRNA profile of different fractions of human milk (cells and lipids) using the OpenArray system (Applied Biosystems, 770 miRNA species measured per sample) and compared it with maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma. Although PBMCs were the richest group in miRNA species, plasma showed very low expression pattern. Thus, the human milk fractions (cells, lipid) and skim milk (not being investigated in this study) were found to conserve higher levels of miRNAs than blood in general. Specifically, human milk cell miRNA quantity was found relatively close to PBMCs, and higher than milk lipids. Correlation and clustering analyses indicated that miRNA expression and types of milk cells were highly similar to those in lipids. Milk miRNAs showed a slight correlation to PBMCs, so PBMCs potentially are not contributing to milk miRNAs. Plasma was different to all other three groups in miRNA content and expression pattern. Further, two infant formulae (a plant-based and a cow milk-based) were compared to human milk and found to contain significantly fewer miRNA species than human milk cells and lipids (p>0.001). Taken together with previous studies on miRNAs, our findings demonstrate that human milk is one of the richest sources of miRNAs among human body fluids. As a non-invasive and plentiful source of miRNAs, human milk could be used as a disease biomarker for the mammary gland, with potential in assessing lactation performance. Finally, gene target and pathways analyses identified several target mRNAs regulated by miRNAs found to be abundant in breastmilk. Given the recently identified stability and function of food-derived miRNAs in regulating mammalian genes, we propose that breastmilk is a rich source of miRNA ingested by the infant during the first months of life, and which potentially contribute to early infant development. 10 exclusively breastfeeding dyads were recruited. 10 whole milk and 10 whole blood samples were collected and fractionated to obtain 10 milk cells, 10 milk lipid, 10 mononeucleoted blood cells (PBMCs), and 10 plasma. In addition to the above 40 samples, 2 infant formula were profiled. 4 different extraction kits were used, miRNeasy mini Kit for human milk cell and PBMC samples. miRCURY RNA Isolation-Biofluids Kit for human milk lipid samples and both infant formulae. mirVana PARIS Kit for plasma samples. NanoDrop 2000 and Bioanalyzer 2100 were used to determine concentration and purity of the extracted miRNA from all samples (n=42). miRNA OpenArray panel system (Life Technologies, CA, USA) was used to profile 754 human mature miRNAs in samples. RNU48, RNU44 and U6 rRNA were used as housekeeping controls for normalisation. ath-miR159a was used as a negative control for human samples. GeneGO and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis were used to determine biological pathways. Please note that normalization of miRNAs was done in R but without generating deltaCT values, thus [1] only the list of normalized miRNA with Ct vlaue between 8 and 29 and that detected in at least 4 samples out of 10 analysed in each group is provided ('normalized_miRNAs_list.txt') [2] the sample data tables contain raw data.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Proteins in human milk are essential and known to support the growth, development, protection, and health of the newborn. These proteins are highly modified by glycans that are currently being recognized as vital to protein structure, stability, function, and health of the intestinal mucosa. Although milk proteins have been studied, the quantitative changes in milk proteins and their respective site-specific glycosylation are unknown. OBJECTIVE:This study expanded the analytical tools for milk proteins and their site-specific glycosylation and applied these tools to a large cohort to determine changes in individual protein concentrations and their site-specific N-glycosylation across lactation. DESIGN:A tandem mass spectrometry method was applied to 231 breast-milk samples from 33 mothers in Davis, California, obtained during 7 different periods of lactation. Dynamic changes in the absolute abundances of milk proteins, as well as variation in site-specific N-glycosylation of individual proteins, were quantified. RESULTS:?-Lactalbumin, ?-casein, k-casein, and ?-antitrypsin were significantly increased from colostrum to transitional milk (4.37 ± 1.33 g/L to 6.41 ± 0.72 g/L, 2.25 ± 0.86 g/L to 2.59 ± 0.78 g/L, 1.33 ± 0.44 g/L to 1.60 ± 0.39 g/L, and 0.09 ± 0.10 g/L to 0.11 ± 0.04 g/L, respectively; P < 0.002). ?-Lactalbumin (37%), ?-casein (9%), and lysozyme (159%) were higher in mature milk than in colostrum. Glycans exhibited different behavior. Fucosylated glycans of lactoferrin and high-mannose, undecorated, fucosylated, sialylated, and combined fucosylated + sialylated glycans of secretory immunoglobulin A increased during lactation even when the concentrations of the parent proteins decreased. CONCLUSIONS:Proteins in healthy mothers vary dynamically through lactation to support the development of infants. Individual milk proteins carried unique glycan modifications that varied systematically in structure even with site specificity. The role of glycosylation in human milk proteins will be important in understanding the functional components of human milk. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01817127.

Dataset Information

Dataset reporting 4654 cow milk proteins listed according to lactation stages and milk fractions.

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Dataset reporting 4654 cow milk proteins listed according to lactation stages and milk fractions.

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