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Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

ABSTRACT: Melatonin (MT; N-acetyI-5-methoxytryptamine) is an amine hormone involved in abiotic stress resistance. Previous studies have confirmed that melatonin can promote seed germination, mediate physiological regulation mechanisms, and stimulate crop growth under stress. However, the osmotic regulation mechanism by which exogenous melatonin mediates salt tolerance in cotton is still largely unknown. To investigate the effect of salt stress on melatonin concentration in germinating cotton seeds, we analyzed melatonin content over time during seed germination under different treatments. Melatonin content reached its minimum at day 6, while cotton germination rates peaked at day 6, indicating melatonin content and seed germination are correlated. Then we investigated the effects of 10-100 ?M melatonin treatments on membrane lipid peroxides and osmotic adjustment substances during cotton seed germination under salt stress. Salt stress led to electrolyte leakage (EL) as well as accumulations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), organic osmotic substances (i.e., proline, soluble sugars), and inorganic osmotic substances (i.e., Na+, Cl-). Meanwhile, the contents of melatonin, soluble proteins, and K+ as well as the K+/Na+ balance decreased, indicating that salt stress inhibited melatonin synthesis and damaged cellular membranes, seriously affecting seed germination. However, melatonin pretreatment at different concentrations alleviated the adverse effects of salt stress on cotton seeds and reduced EL as well as the contents of H2O2, MDA, Na+, and Cl-. The exogenous application of melatonin also promoted melatonin, soluble sugar, soluble proteins, proline, and K+/Na+ contents under salt stress. These results demonstrate that supplemental melatonin can effectively ameliorate the repression of cotton seed germination by enhancing osmotic regulating substances and adjusting ion homeostasis under salt stress. Thus, melatonin may potentially be used to protect cotton seeds from salt stress, with the 20 ?M melatonin treatment most effectively promoting cotton seed germination and improving salt stress tolerance.

SUBMITTER: Chen L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6994006 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

Chen Li L Liu Liantao L Lu Bin B Ma Tongtong T Jiang Dan D Li Jin J Zhang Ke K Sun Hongchun H Zhang Yongjiang Y Bai Zhiying Z Li Cundong C

PloS one 20200131 1

Melatonin (MT; N-acetyI-5-methoxytryptamine) is an amine hormone involved in abiotic stress resistance. Previous studies have confirmed that melatonin can promote seed germination, mediate physiological regulation mechanisms, and stimulate crop growth under stress. However, the osmotic regulation mechanism by which exogenous melatonin mediates salt tolerance in cotton is still largely unknown. To investigate the effect of salt stress on melatonin concentration in germinating cotton seeds, we ana ...[more]

PMID: 32004326

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Project description:Seed germination is considered the beginning of the spermatophyte lifecycle, and it is a crucial stage in determining subsequent plant growth and development. Although many previous studies have found that melatonin can promote seed germination, the role of melatonin in cotton germination remains unexamined. The main objective of this study is the characterization of potential promotional effects of melatonin (at doses of 0, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 μM) on cotton seed germination. This experiment demonstrated that low concentrations of melatonin can promote germination, while high concentrations failed to promote germination and even inhibited germination. Together, these results indicate that a 20 μM melatonin treatment optimally promotes cotton seed germination. Compared with the control, germination potential (GP), germination rate (GR), and final fresh weight (FW) increased by 16.67%, 12.30%, and 4.81%, respectively. Although low concentrations of melatonin showed some improvement in vigor index (VI), germination index (GI), and mean germination time (MGT), these effects were not statistically significant. Antioxidant enzyme activity during seed germination was most prominent under the 20 μM melatonin treatment. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities were significantly increased by 10.37-59.73% and 17.79-47.68%, respectively, compared to the melatonin-free control. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was reduced by 16.73-40.33%. Two important plant hormones in seed germination, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs), were also studied. As melatonin concentration increased, ABA content in seeds decreased first and then increased, and GA3 content showed a diametrically opposite trend, in which the 20 μM melatonin treatment was optimal. The 20 μM melatonin treatment reduced ABA content in seeds by 42.13-51.68%, while the 20 μM melatonin treatment increased GA3 content in seeds to about 1.7-2.5 times that of seeds germinated without melatonin. This study provides new evidence suggesting that low concentrations of melatonin can promote cotton seed germination by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, thereby reducing the accumulation of MDA and regulating plant hormones. This has clear applications for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds using melatonin.

Project description:BackgroundLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a class of riboregulators that either directly act in long form or are processed into shorter microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are arbitrarily defined as RNA genes larger than 200 nt in length that have no apparent coding potential. lncRNAs have emerged as playing important roles in various biological regulatory processes and are expressed in a more tissue-specific manner than mRNA. Emerging evidence shows that lncRNAs participate in stress-responsive regulation.ResultsIn this study, in order to develop a comprehensive catalogue of lncRNAs in upland cotton under salt stress, we performed whole-transcriptome strand-specific RNA sequencing for three-leaf stage cotton seedlings treated with salt stress (S_NaCl) and controls (S_CK). In total we identified 1117 unique lncRNAs in this study and 44 differentially expressed RNAs were identified as potential non-coding RNAs. For the differentially expressed lncRNAs that were identified as intergenic lncRNAs (lincRNA), we analysed the gene ontology enrichment of cis targets and found that cis target protein-coding genes were mainly enriched in stress-related categories. Real-time quantitative PCR confirmed that all selected lincRNAs responsive to salt stress. We found lnc_388 was likely as regulator of Gh_A09G1182. And lnc_883 may participate in regulating tolerance to salt stress by modulating the expression of Gh_D03G0339 MS_channel. We then predicted the target mimics for miRNA in Gossypium. six miRNAs were identified, and the result of RT-qPCR with lncRNA and miRNA suggested that lnc_973 and lnc_253 may regulate the expression of ghr-miR399 and ghr-156e as a target mimic under salt stress.ConclusionsWe identified 44 lincRNAs that were differentially expressed under salt stress. These lincRNAs may target protein-coding genes via cis-acting regulation. We also discovered that specifically-expressed lincRNAs under salt stress may act as endogenous target mimics for conserved miRNAs. These findings extend the current view on lincRNAs as ubiquitous regulators under stress stress.

Dataset Information

Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

Publications

Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

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