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Porphyromonas gingivalis triggers the shedding of inflammatory endothelial microvesicles that act as autocrine effectors of endothelial dysfunction.

ABSTRACT: A link between periodontitis and atherothrombosis has been highlighted. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of Porphyromonas gingivalis on endothelial microvesicles (EMVPg) shedding and their contribution to endothelial inflammation. Endothelial cells (EC) were infected with P. gingivalis (MOI?=?100) for 24?h. EMVPg were isolated and their concentration was evaluated by prothrombinase assay. EMVPg were significantly increased in comparison with EMVCtrl shedded by unstimulated cells. While EMVCtrl from untreated EC had no effect, whereas, the proportion of apoptotic EC was increased by 30?nM EMVPg and viability was decreased down to 25%, a value elicited by P. gingivalis alone. Moreover, high concentration of EMVPg (30?nM) induced a pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative cell response including up-regulation of TNF-?, IL-6 and IL-8 as well as an altered expression of iNOS and eNOS at both mRNA and protein level. An increase of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 mRNA expression (4.5 folds and 3 folds respectively (p?

SUBMITTER: Bugueno IM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7000667 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Porphyromonas gingivalis triggers the shedding of inflammatory endothelial microvesicles that act as autocrine effectors of endothelial dysfunction.

Bugueno Isaac Maximiliano IM Zobairi El-Ghazouani Fatiha F Batool Fareeha F El Itawi Hanine H Anglès-Cano Eduardo E Benkirane-Jessel Nadia N Toti Florence F Huck Olivier O

Scientific reports 20200204 1

A link between periodontitis and atherothrombosis has been highlighted. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of Porphyromonas gingivalis on endothelial microvesicles (EMVPg) shedding and their contribution to endothelial inflammation. Endothelial cells (EC) were infected with P. gingivalis (MOI = 100) for 24 h. EMVPg were isolated and their concentration was evaluated by prothrombinase assay. EMVPg were significantly increased in comparison with E ...[more]

PMID: 32019950

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Project description:As one of the main pathogens of periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis often forms mixed biofilms with other bacteria or fungi under the gingiva, such as Candida albicans. Heme is an important iron source for P. gingivalis and C. albicans that supports their growth in the host. From the perspective of heme competition, this study aims to clarify that the competition for heme enhances the pathogenic potential of P. gingivalis during the interaction between P. gingivalis and C. albicans. Porphyromonas gingivalis single-species biofilm and P. gingivalis-C. albicans dual-species biofilm were established in a low- and high-heme environment. The results showed that the vitality of P. gingivalis was increased in the dual-species biofilm under the condition of low heme, and the same trend was observed under a laser confocal microscope. Furthermore, the morphological changes in P. gingivalis were observed by electron microscope, and the resistance of P. gingivalis in dual-species biofilm was stronger against the killing effect of healthy human serum and antibiotics. The ability of P. gingivalis to agglutinate erythrocyte was also enhanced in dual-species biofilm. These changes disappeared when heme was sufficient, which confirmed that heme competition was the cause of thepathogenicy change in P. gingivalis. Gene level analysis showed that P. gingivalis was in a superior position in the competition relationship by increasing the expression of heme utilization-related genes, such as HmuY, HmuR, HusA, and Tlr. In addition, the expression of genes encoding gingipains (Kgp, RgpA/B) was also significantly increased. They not only participate in the process of utilizing heme, but also are important components of the virulence factors of P. gingivalis. In conclusion, our results indicated that the pathogenic potential of P. gingivalis was enhanced by C. albicans through heme competition, which ultimately promoted the occurrence and development of periodontitis and, therefore, C. albicans subgingival colonization should be considered as a factor in assessing the risk of periodontitis.

Dataset Information

Porphyromonas gingivalis triggers the shedding of inflammatory endothelial microvesicles that act as autocrine effectors of endothelial dysfunction.

Publications

Porphyromonas gingivalis triggers the shedding of inflammatory endothelial microvesicles that act as autocrine effectors of endothelial dysfunction.

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