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In utero elemental tags in vertebrae of the scalloped hammerhead shark Sphyrna lewini reveal migration patterns of pregnant females.

ABSTRACT: Vertebral microchemistry recently allowed to infer the migration patterns of the scalloped hammerhead shark Sphyrna lewini in the Mexican Pacific, however conclusions regarding the movements of reproductive females were hindered by the small sample size. Considering that S. lewini is a placental viviparous species, maternal supply of nutrients to the embryos might influence their vertebral microchemistry while in utero and provide intrinsic markers of the pregnant female environmental histories. This hypothesis was tested before attempting to infer the migration patterns of pregnant females through the analyses of the in utero elemental profiles quantified in the vertebrae of coastal young-of-the-year ('YOY'). Vertebrae were obtained from sharks captured along the Mexican Pacific coast in 2016. Vertebral microchemistry was quantified using laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Elemental signatures at vertebral edge were consistent between each pregnant female and her embryos demonstrating the viability of employing in utero elemental signatures as a maternal tag of the gestation-related environmental histories. Analyses of the YOY in utero Sr:Ba and Pb:Ca profiles suggested that pregnant females either (1) progressively migrated offshore before quickly returning to coastal habitats before term or (2) remained nearshore during complete gestation. Considering the endangered status of S. lewini, current management measures may be insufficient for the sustainable management of the population as pregnant females may be particularly susceptible to fisheries when remaining nearshore or entering coastal habitats prior to pupping.

SUBMITTER: Coiraton C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7000759 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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In utero elemental tags in vertebrae of the scalloped hammerhead shark Sphyrna lewini reveal migration patterns of pregnant females.

Coiraton Claire C Amezcua Felipe F

Scientific reports 20200204 1

Vertebral microchemistry recently allowed to infer the migration patterns of the scalloped hammerhead shark Sphyrna lewini in the Mexican Pacific, however conclusions regarding the movements of reproductive females were hindered by the small sample size. Considering that S. lewini is a placental viviparous species, maternal supply of nutrients to the embryos might influence their vertebral microchemistry while in utero and provide intrinsic markers of the pregnant female environmental histories. ...[more]

PMID: 32020013

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Project description:Scalloped Hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) is an endangered species which its populations have been declining globally including in Indonesia, the world's top shark fishing country. However, there is a lack of information on the recent population structure of this species to promote proper management and its conservation status. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity, population structure, and connectivity of the S. lewini population, in three major shark landing sites: Aceh (n = 41), Balikpapan (n = 30), and Lombok (n = 29). Meanwhile, additional sequences were retrieved from West Papua (n = 14) and the Western Indian Ocean (n = 65) populations. From the analyses of the mitochondrial CO1 gene, a total of 179 sequences of S. lewini, with an average size of 594 bp, and 40 polymorphic loci in four and eight haplotypes for the Indonesian population and the Western Indian Ocean population were identified. The overall values of genetic diversity were high (h = 0.717; π = 0.013), with the highest values recorded in Aceh (h = 0.668; π = 0.002) and the lowest in Papua (h = 0.143; π = 0.000). On the contrary, the overall value was fairly low in the Western Indian Ocean (h = 0.232; π = 0.001). Furthermore, AMOVA and FST showed three significant subdivisions in Indonesia (FST = 0.442; P < 0.001), with separated populations for Aceh and West Papua, and mixed between Balikpapan and Lombok (FST = 0.044; P = 0.091). In contrast, genetic homogeneity was observed within the population of the Western Indian Ocean (FST = -0.013; P = 0.612). The establishment of a haplotype network provided evidence of a significantly different population and a limited genetic distribution between the Indonesian and the Western Indian Ocean populations (FST = 0.740; P < 0.001). This study showed the presence of a complex population of S. lewini with limited connectivity only in Indonesia separated from the Western Indian Ocean and requiring specific management measures based on the population structure at the regional level.

Dataset Information

In utero elemental tags in vertebrae of the scalloped hammerhead shark Sphyrna lewini reveal migration patterns of pregnant females.

Publications

In utero elemental tags in vertebrae of the scalloped hammerhead shark Sphyrna lewini reveal migration patterns of pregnant females.

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