Accelerometer-Measured Hospital Physical Activity and Hospital-Acquired Disability in Older Adults.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Hospital-acquired disability (HAD) is common and often related to low physical activity while in the hospital.

Objective

To examine whether wearable hospital activity trackers can be used to predict HAD.

Design

A prospective observational study between January 2016 and March 2017.

Setting

An academic medical center.

Participants

Community-dwelling older adults, aged 60?years or older, enrolled within 24?hours of admission to general medicine (n = 46).

Main measures

Primary outcome was HAD, defined as having one or more new activity of daily living deficits, decline of four or greater on the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (calculated between baseline and discharge), or discharge to a skilled nursing facility. Hospital activity (mean active time, mean sedentary time, and mean step counts per day) was measured using ankle-mounted accelerometers. The association of the literature-based threshold of 900 steps/day with HAD was also evaluated.

Results

Mean age was 73.2?years (SD = 9.5?years), 48% were male, and 76% were white. Median length of stay was 4?days (interquartile range [IQR] =?2.0-6.0?days); 61% (n = 28) reported being able to walk without assistance of another person or walking aid at baseline. Median daily activity time and step counts were 1.1 h/d (IQR = 0.7-1.7 h/d) and 1455.7 steps/day (IQR = 908.5-2643 steps/day), respectively. Those with HAD (41%; n = 19) had lower activity time (0.8 vs 1.4 h/d; P = .04) and fewer step counts (1186 vs 1808 steps/day; P = .04), but no difference in sedentary time, compared to those without HAD. The 900 steps/day threshold had poor sensitivity (40%) and high specificity (85%) for detecting HAD.

Conclusions

Low hospital physical activity, as measured by wearable accelerometers, is associated with HAD. Clinicians can utilize wearable technology data to refer patients to physical/occupational therapy services or other mobility interventions, like walking programs. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:261-265, 2020.

SUBMITTER: Pavon JM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7002200 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature