Dataset Information

Cognitive functions in Egyptian neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, characterized by optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities may be observed in various brain regions of NMOSD patients. Only a few studies have addressed the cognitive functions in NMOSD, but none among Egyptian patients.

Objective

To investigate cognitive performance in a cohort of 20 Egyptian patients with NMOSD.

Design

Observational, prospective study.

Patients

We studied 20 Egyptian patients with NMOSD and compared them with 18 healthy Egyptian controls matched for age, sex, and educational level.

Main outcome measure

We applied an Arabic translation of MOCA and BICAMS Tests for Multiple Sclerosis.

Results

Cognitive performance was significantly worse in the NMOSD group than in healthy controls for CVLT (P = 0.0099), SDMT (P = 0.0112), BVSMT (P = 0.019) and BICAMS in total (P = 0.0014). Patients with a later disease onset performed worse in MOCA and BVSMT.

Conclusions

This study confirms the concept of cognitive involvement in NMOSD among Egyptian patients. Information processing speed was the function most commonly impaired.

SUBMITTER: Salama S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7002275 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Cognitive functions in Egyptian neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

Salama Sara S Marouf Hazem H Reda M Ihab MI Mansour Amal R AR ELKholy Osama O Levy Michael M

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery 20191125

<h4>Background</h4>Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, characterized by optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities may be observed in various brain regions of NMOSD patients. Only a few studies have addressed the cognitive functions in NMOSD, but none among Egyptian patients.<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate cognitive performance in a cohort of 20 Egyptia ...[more]

PMID: 31790906

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Although complement-dependent astrocyte damage mediated by anti-aquaporin 4 autoantibody (AQP4-Ab) is well acknowledged to be the core of NMOSD pathogenesis, additional inflammatory cascades may contribute to the establishment of lesion formation. Thus, in this study, we investigated the possible pathogenic role of immune-reactive mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of NMOSD patients.MethodsUsing quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we measured extracellular mtDNA levels in CSF of NMOSD patients positive for AQP4-Ab. Patients with multiple sclerosis or other neurological diseases were examined as controls. Pre- and post-treatment extracellular mtDNA levels were also compared in the NMOSD group. Extracellular mtDNA release from human astrocytes was analyzed in vitro utilizing NMOSD sera, and interleukin (IL)-1? production was measured in supernatants of mixed glial cells stimulated with DNA fraction of CSF derived from NMOSD patients. Furthermore, specific innate immune pathways mediating the IL-1? production by mtDNA were investigated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with selective inhibitors of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes.ResultsExtracellular mtDNA level was specifically elevated in acute phase of NMOSD CSF. In vitro studies provided the evidence that mtDNA is released from human astrocytes by NMOSD sera. In addition, DNA fraction isolated from NMOSD CSF promoted secretion of IL-1? from mixed glial cells. Selective inhibition of TLR9 and NLRP3 inflammasomes revealed that mtDNA-mediated IL-1? production depends on specific innate immune pathways.ConclusionExtracellular mtDNA is specifically elevated in the CSF of patients with acute phase NMOSD, and mtDNA released by AQP4-Ab-mediated cellular damage elicits the innate immune cascades via TLR9 and NLRP3 inflammasomes pathways. Our study highlights mtDNA-mediated innate immune pathways as a novel therapeutic target for future treatment of NMOSD patients.

Dataset Information

Cognitive functions in Egyptian neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

Background

Objective

Design

Patients

Main outcome measure

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Cognitive functions in Egyptian neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

Similar Datasets

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