Dataset Information

Effects of vineyard inter-row management on the diversity and abundance of plants and surface-dwelling invertebrates in Central Romania.

ABSTRACT: Vineyard inter-rows are important biodiversity hotspots within agricultural landscapes, especially when they are covered with vegetation. However, little is known on the effects to management intensity on a broad range of surface-dwelling invertebrates and their interaction with vegetation. We assessed the diversity and activity density of ants, beetles, millipedes, mites, spiders, springtails and woodlice using pitfall traps in vineyards with either high management intensity (HI) consisting of frequently tilled inter-rows or low management intensity (LO) with alternating tillage in every second inter-row. The study was performed in the Târnave wine region in Central Romania. We wanted to know whether, (i) vineyard management intensity affects the diversity of plants and invertebrates, and (ii) local habitat characteristics affect species richness of different functional guilds and taxa. Species richness of some invertebrate taxa (Coleoptera, Araneae, Formicidae) did significantly differ between HI and LO vineyards. Only phytophages (some Coleoptera) increased in species richness and activity density with vegetation cover. Vineyard soil properties (organic matter content, pH, P, and K) did not significantly differ between HI and LO vineyards. We conclude that vineyard inter-row management can affect both the conservation of biodiversity and the provision of biodiversity-driven ecosystem services.

SUBMITTER: Fiera C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7002328 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of vineyard inter-row management on the diversity and abundance of plants and surface-dwelling invertebrates in Central Romania.

Fiera Cristina C Ulrich Werner W Popescu Daniela D Bunea Claudiu-Ioan CI Manu Minodora M Nae Ioana I Stan Melania M Markó Bálint B Urák István I Giurginca Andrei A Penke Nicole N Winter Silvia S Kratschmer Sophie S Buchholz Jacob J Querner Pascal P Zaller Johann G JG

Journal of insect conservation 20200114 1

Vineyard inter-rows are important biodiversity hotspots within agricultural landscapes, especially when they are covered with vegetation. However, little is known on the effects to management intensity on a broad range of surface-dwelling invertebrates and their interaction with vegetation. We assessed the diversity and activity density of ants, beetles, millipedes, mites, spiders, springtails and woodlice using pitfall traps in vineyards with either high management intensity (HI) consisting of ...[more]

PMID: 32089639

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Project description:Inter-row vegetation in vineyards is classified as a service crop as it provides many ecosystem services. The vegetation is often removed but maintaining them can mitigate the negative effects on the environment. However, the type of species or mixture choice can affect their success. A field trial was conducted in an organically-managed vineyard of Cabernet sauvignon Vitis vinifera L. cultivars in north-eastern Italy, in which three blends of grass species (Shedonorus arundinaceus, Lolium perenne and Festuca rubra) and two grass-legume mixtures were grown in the inter-rows and compared with resident vegetation and regularly tilled bare soil. Each vegetation type, including resident vegetation, was subjected to mulching and non-mulching treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of seeded species or mixtures in the inter-row spaces of the vineyard in north-Italy as an alternative management to resident vegetation and tilled soil. The experiment was conducted over two years to monitor the persistence of the sown vegetation and the influence of vegetation types on vine performance and grape composition, and on soil compaction and erosion. The relative abundances of each species, vegetation height, percentage green cover and normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI), vine shoot length, number of leaves per vine shoot, leaf area, bunch weight, vine NDVI, soil compaction and erosion, and depth and width of tractor tyre prints were measured. Over time, weed invasion altered the botanical composition of all vegetation types except for the S. arundinaceus blend, which remained stable throughout the study period. Our results showed that vine parameters were not affected by the type of vegetation in the inter-rows, nor were there differences between the grassed and bare soil inter-rows. Soil compaction and erosion, and tractor tyre prints were not directly affected by the type of vegetation cover, but they were affected by tillage in the plots with bare soil in the inter-rows or where it was used to prepare the soil for sowing. Soil compaction and erosion were related to the percentage vegetation cover. Mulching did not affect any of the parameters measured. Therefore, species selection plays a crucial role in inter-row vegetation management and in minimising environmental impacts. S. arundinaceus gave high protection against soil erosion due to its high persistence throughout the year and had the lowest growth rate thus requiring fewer cuttings.

Project description:Urbanization is occurring around the globe, changing environmental conditions and influencing biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Urban domestic gardens represent a small-grained mosaic of diverse habitats for numerous species. The challenging conditions in urban gardens support species possessing certain traits, and exclude other species. Functional diversity is therefore often altered in urban gardens. By using a multi-taxa approach focused on native grassland plants and ground-dwelling invertebrates with overall low mobility (snails, slugs, spiders, millipedes, woodlice, ants, rove beetles), we examined the effects of urbanization (distance to city center, percentage of sealed area) and garden characteristics on functional dispersion, functional evenness, habitat preferences and body size. We conducted a field survey in 35 domestic gardens along a rural-urban gradient in Basel, Switzerland. The various groups showed different responses to urbanization. Functional dispersion of native grassland plants decreased with increasing distance to the city center, while functional dispersion of ants decreased with increasing percentage of sealed area. Functional evenness of ants increased with increasing distance to the city center and that of rove beetles decreased with increasing percentage of sealed area. Contrary to our expectation, in rove beetles, the proportion of generalists decreased with increasing percentage of sealed area in the surroundings, and the proportion of species preferring dry conditions increased with increasing distance to the city center. Body size of species increased with distance to city center for slugs, spiders, millipedes, ants, and rove beetles. Local garden characteristics had few effects on functional diversity and habitat preferences of the groups examined. Our study supports the importance of using multi-taxa approaches when examining effects of environmental change on biodiversity. Considering only a single group may result in misleading findings for overall biodiversity. The ground-dwelling invertebrates investigated may be affected in different ways from the more often-studied flying pollinators or birds.

Project description:ObjectivesTo investigate the interdisciplinary interobserver reproducibility of Hertel-exophthalmometry-like protrusion measurements on multidetector-row-computed-tomography- (MDCT-) images of the orbit to facilitate structured evaluation of the orbit and mid-face.MethodsRespective reproducibility of base-length along the interfronto-zygomatic line, right and left ocular protrusion, and deriving interocular difference was measured in this retrospective (04/2009-03/2020) single-centre observational study. MDCT-series and slice-positions were selected independently, using picture-archiving-and-communication-system- (PACS-) tools on tilt-corrected axial MDCT-images (slice-thickness 0.6-3.0 mm, window/centre 350/50 HU) in 37 selected adult patients (24 female, age 57 ± 13 years, average±standard-deviation) with clinical indication for Hertel-exophthalmometry, by one radiology-attending, two ophthalmology-attendings, one critical-care-attending, and one ear-nose-throat-surgery resident, respectively. Bland-Altman plots and Wilcoxon-matched-pairs-signed-rank-tests compared interobserver results.ResultsMean and median interobserver and intraobserver (radiology-attending) deviations were within 1 mm of respective averages of base-length (98 ± 4 mm), right and left ocular protrusion (21 ± 4 mm) and interocular difference (2 ± 1 mm). Relative interobserver deviations were within 2.0% of average (all patients) for base-length, and 5.0% (>80% of patients) for ocular protrusion. Pairwise interobserver comparison showed no significant differences between interocular differences of protrusion.ConclusionsRespective measurements of base-length, ocular protrusion, and deriving interocular difference show high interdisciplinary interobserver reproducibility in tilt-corrected axial MDCT-images of the orbit or mid-face.Advances in knowledgeHertel-exophthalmometry-like protrusion measurements did not depend on the years of experience or the medical subspecialty of the observer. Measurements are objective, well reproducible and important for multiple medical disciplines and should thus be included in pertinent radiology reports.

Dataset Information

Effects of vineyard inter-row management on the diversity and abundance of plants and surface-dwelling invertebrates in Central Romania.

Publications

Effects of vineyard inter-row management on the diversity and abundance of plants and surface-dwelling invertebrates in Central Romania.

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