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Novel VAC14 variants identified in two Chinese siblings with childhood-onset striatonigral degeneration.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:VAC14 is a component of a trimolecular complex that tightly regulates the level of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate [PI (3,5) P2]. VAC14 pathogenic variants cause prominent vacuolation of neurons in basal ganglia of patients with childhood-onset striatonigral degeneration (SNDC). METHODS:We identified two siblings with SNDC. Whole-exome sequencing was performed for genetic molecular analysis in these probands. RESULTS:The patients were compound heterozygotes for two novel variants in the VAC14 gene, p.Ala582Thr and p.Arg681His. The pathogenicity of these variants was indicated by a bioinformatic study and protein three-dimensional modeling. Eight previously reported SNDC cases and a Yunis-Varón syndrome caused by VAC14 mutations were summarized and compared. CONCLUSION:We present novel compound heterozygous variants (c.1744G>A/c.2042G>A) in our proband, and these novel variants were predicted to be likely pathogenic. The affected siblings were clinically severe and lethal; their phenotypes were similar to the majority of previously reported SNDC cases, with the exception of two cases that showed mild clinical manifestations. VAC14 pathogenic variants may be associated with various phenotypes. Herein, we report the Chinese siblings with SNDC, they are the first Asian cases. Our results expanded the spectrum of VAC14 pathogenic variants and the ethnic backgrounds of the affected cases.

SUBMITTER: Liao S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7005630 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Novel VAC14 variants identified in two Chinese siblings with childhood-onset striatonigral degeneration.

Liao Shuang S Chen Tingting T Dai Ying Y Wang Yanqin Y Wu Fangrui F Zhong Min M

Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 20191226 2

<h4>Background</h4>VAC14 is a component of a trimolecular complex that tightly regulates the level of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate [PI (3,5) P2]. VAC14 pathogenic variants cause prominent vacuolation of neurons in basal ganglia of patients with childhood-onset striatonigral degeneration (SNDC).<h4>Methods</h4>We identified two siblings with SNDC. Whole-exome sequencing was performed for genetic molecular analysis in these probands.<h4>Results</h4>The patients were compound heterozygotes ...[more]

PMID: 31876398

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Project description:Altogether 95 children with primary bone fragility were screened for variants in PLS3, the gene underlying X-linked osteoporosis. Two children with multiple peripheral and spinal fractures and low BMD had novel disease-causing PLS3 variants. Children with milder phenotypes had no pathogenic variants. PLS3 screening is indicated in childhood-onset primary osteoporosis.The study aimed to determine the role of pathogenic PLS3 variants in children's bone fragility and to elucidate the associated phenotypic features.Two cohorts of children with bone fragility were screened for variants in PLS3, the gene underlying X-linked osteoporosis. Cohort I comprised 31 patients with childhood-onset primary osteoporosis of unknown etiology. Cohort II comprised 64 children who had sustained multiple fractures but were otherwise healthy. Clinical and radiological data were reviewed. Peripheral blood DNA was Sanger sequenced for coding exons and flanking intronic regions of PLS3.In two patients of cohort I, where other common genetic causes had been excluded, we identified two novel disease-causing PLS3 variants. Patient 1 was a male with bilateral femoral fractures at 10 years, low BMD (Z-score -4.1; 18 years), and multiple vertebral compression fractures. He had a novel nonsense variant in PLS3. Patient 2 was a girl with multiple long bone and vertebral fractures and low BMD (Z-score -6.6 at 6 years). She had a de novo missense variant in PLS3; whole exome sequencing and array-CGH identified no other genetic causes. Iliac crest bone biopsies confirmed low-turnover osteoporosis in both patients. In cohort II, no pathogenic PLS3 variants were identified in any of the subjects.Two novel disease-causing variants in PLS3 were identified in a boy and a girl with multiple peripheral and spinal fractures and very low BMD while no pathogenic variants were identified in children with less severe skeletal fragility. PLS3 screening is warranted in male and female patients with childhood-onset primary osteoporosis.

Dataset Information

Novel VAC14 variants identified in two Chinese siblings with childhood-onset striatonigral degeneration.

Publications

Novel VAC14 variants identified in two Chinese siblings with childhood-onset striatonigral degeneration.

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