Rethinking Emergent Literacy in Children With Hearing Loss.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ingvalson EM
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7006043 | biostudies-literature | 2020
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Rethinking Emergent Literacy in Children With Hearing Loss.
Ingvalson Erin M EM Grieco-Calub Tina M TM Perry Lynn K LK VanDam Mark M
Frontiers in psychology 20200131
Long-term literacy outcomes for children with hearing loss, particularly those with severe-to-profound deafness who are fitted with cochlear implants (CIs) lag behind those of children with normal hearing (NH). The causes for these long-term deficits are not fully clear, though differences in auditory access between children who use CIs and those with NH may be a partial cause. This paper briefly reviews the emergent literacy model as proposed by Whitehurst and Lonigan (1998). We then examine th ...[more]
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Project description:Background/objectivesMedicare has become an increasingly complex program to navigate with numerous choices available to beneficiaries with important implications for their financial exposure and access to care. Although research has identified poor health literacy as a barrier to understanding Medicare, little information is available on the experience of individuals with hearing loss. This study examined how hearing loss impacts Medicare beneficiaries in understanding the program, their ability to compare and review plan options, and their satisfaction with available information.DesignCross-sectional analysis using multivariate ordinal logistic regression.SettingNationally representative survey of Medicare beneficiaries in the United States (Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey [MCBS]) 2017.ParticipantsA total of 10,510 Medicare beneficiaries were analyzed, representing 50,084,169 beneficiaries with survey weights applied.MeasurementsThe primary outcome was difficulty understanding Medicare, determined by this MCBS question: "Overall, how easy or difficult do you think the Medicare program is to understand?" The predictor of interest was self-reported hearing loss measured categorically as no trouble, a little trouble, and a lot of trouble hearing. Covariates included age, sex, race, educational attainment, household income relative to the federal poverty level, enrollment in either traditional Medicare or Medicare Advantage, dementia diagnosis, trouble with vision, and number of chronic conditions.ResultsMedicare beneficiaries with a little or a lot of trouble hearing had 18% (95% confidence interval [CI] odds ratio [OR] = 1.10-1.27) and 25% (95% CI OR = 1.07-1.47) increased odds of reporting greater difficulty with understanding Medicare, respectively, compared with those with no hearing trouble. About one in five Medicare beneficiaries with hearing loss identified that their hearing made it difficult to find Medicare information.ConclusionThe existing tools to support Medicare beneficiaries' understanding and navigation of the program must evolve to meet the needs of those with hearing loss, a highly prevalent condition among Medicare beneficiaries. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:2336-2342, 2020.
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