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Gamma-linolenic acid ameliorated glycation-induced memory impairment in rats.

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT:?-Linolenic acid (GLA) is an important constituent of anti-ageing supplements. OBJECTIVE:The current study investigates the anti-ageing effect of GLA in Sprague-Dawley rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS:GLA (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 2, 10, 20 and 24??M) was initially evaluated for its effect on the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in vitro. For in vivo assessment (1, 5 or 15?mg/kg), the rat model of accelerated ageing was developed using d-fructose (1000?mg/kg (i.p.) plus 10% in drinking water for 40?days). Morris water maze was used to evaluate impairment in learning and memory. The blood of treated animals was used to measure glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. The interaction of GLA with active residues of receptor of AGE (RAGE) was analyzed using AutoDock Vina. RESULTS:Our data showed that GLA inhibited the production of AGEs (IC50?=?1.12?±?0.05??M). However, this effect was more significant at lower tested doses. A similar pattern was also observed in in vivo experiments, where the effect of fructose was reversed by GLA only at lowest tested dose of 1?mg/kg. The HbA1c levels also revealed significant reduction at lower doses (1 and 5?mg/kg). The in silico data exhibited promising interaction of GLA with active residues (Try72, Arg77 and Gln67) of RAGE. CONCLUSION:The GLA, at lower doses, possesses therapeutic potential against glycation-induced memory decline.

SUBMITTER: Khan SA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7012036 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Gamma-linolenic acid ameliorated glycation-induced memory impairment in rats.

Khan Shahab Ali SA Haider Ali A Mahmood Wajahat W Roome Talat T Abbas Ghulam G

Pharmaceutical biology 20171201 1

<h4>Context</h4>γ-Linolenic acid (GLA) is an important constituent of anti-ageing supplements.<h4>Objective</h4>The current study investigates the anti-ageing effect of GLA in Sprague-Dawley rats.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>GLA (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 2, 10, 20 and 24 μM) was initially evaluated for its effect on the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in vitro. For in vivo assessment (1, 5 or 15 mg/kg), the rat model of accelerated ageing was developed using d-fructose (1000 mg/kg (i. ...[more]

PMID: 28545346

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Project description:ContextThe omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, along with γ-linolenic acid and antioxidants, may modulate systemic inflammatory response and improve oxygenation and outcomes in patients with acute lung injury.ObjectiveTo determine if dietary supplementation of these substances to patients with acute lung injury would increase ventilator-free days to study day 28.Design, setting, and participantsThe OMEGA study, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial conducted from January 2, 2008, through February 21, 2009. Participants were 272 adults within 48 hours of developing acute lung injury requiring mechanical ventilation whose physicians intended to start enteral nutrition at 44 hospitals in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute ARDS Clinical Trials Network. All participants had complete follow-up.InterventionsTwice-daily enteral supplementation of n-3 fatty acids, γ-linolenic acid, and antioxidants compared with an isocaloric control. Enteral nutrition, directed by a protocol, was delivered separately from the study supplement.Main outcome measureVentilator-free days to study day 28.ResultsThe study was stopped early for futility after 143 and 129 patients were enrolled in the n-3 and control groups. Despite an 8-fold increase in plasma eicosapentaenoic acid levels, patients receiving the n-3 supplement had fewer ventilator-free days (14.0 vs 17.2; P = .02) (difference, -3.2 [95% CI, -5.8 to -0.7]) and intensive care unit-free days (14.0 vs 16.7; P = .04). Patients in the n-3 group also had fewer nonpulmonary organ failure-free days (12.3 vs 15.5; P = .02). Sixty-day hospital mortality was 26.6% in the n-3 group vs 16.3% in the control group (P = .054), and adjusted 60-day mortality was 25.1% and 17.6% in the n-3 and control groups, respectively (P = .11). Use of the n-3 supplement resulted in more days with diarrhea (29% vs 21%; P = .001).ConclusionsTwice-daily enteral supplementation of n-3 fatty acids, γ-linolenic acid, and antioxidants did not improve the primary end point of ventilator-free days or other clinical outcomes in patients with acute lung injury and may be harmful.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00609180.

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Gamma-linolenic acid ameliorated glycation-induced memory impairment in rats.

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Gamma-linolenic acid ameliorated glycation-induced memory impairment in rats.

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