Dataset Information

Migration and transformation of cadmium in rice - soil under different nitrogen sources in polymetallic sulfide mining areas.

ABSTRACT: We conducted pot experiments to assess the bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) in contaminated rhizosphere soil and accumulation in rice organs in response to nitrogen (N) supply ((NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, NH4Cl). The results showed that the concentration of bioavailable Cd in rice rhizosphere soil was (NH4)2SO4 treatment?>?NH4Cl treatment?>?NH4NO3 treatment at the same level of N application and growth period; the Cd concentration in rice roots was (NH4)2SO4 treatment?>?NH4NO3 treatment?>?NH4Cl treatment; and the Cd concentration in rice straw was NH4NO3 treatment?>?NH4Cl. The Cd concentration in rice roots, straws, and seeds at the maturity stage was (NH4)2SO4 treatment?>?NH4Cl treatment. With the same N fertilizer, excessive N promoted Cd accumulation in rice at later growth stages. This suggested that sulfate (SO42-) influenced Cd concentration in rice. NH4Cl application maintained a low Cd level in different rice organs with the same N level. This confirmed that NH4Cl is a safe N source for rice planting in polymetallic sulfide mining areas. The study concludes that appropriate NH4Cl levels for Cd-contaminated paddy soil with high-S-content could obtain rice grains with Cd concentrations below the food safety standards (0.2 or 0.4?mg·kg-1).

SUBMITTER: Zhang X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7016120 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Migration and transformation of cadmium in rice - soil under different nitrogen sources in polymetallic sulfide mining areas.

Zhang Xiaoxia X Zhang Xuexia X Lv Shuji S Shi Lei L Wang Rongping R

Scientific reports 20200212 1

We conducted pot experiments to assess the bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) in contaminated rhizosphere soil and accumulation in rice organs in response to nitrogen (N) supply ((NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, NH4Cl). The results showed that the concentration of bioavailable Cd in rice rhizosphere soil was (NH4)2SO4 treatment > NH4Cl treatment > NH4NO3 treatment at the same level ...[more]

PMID: 32051465

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Project description:Mining activities are one of the main contamination sources of Cd in soil. However, the information about the influence of silver mining on Cd pollution in soil in mining-affected areas is limited. In the present study, sixteen paired soil and rice grain samples were collected from the farmland along the Luxi River nearby a silver mine in Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province, China. The total, bioavailable, and fraction of Cd in soil and Cd content in rice grain were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The transformation of Cd in the soil-rice system and potential health risk via consumption of these rice grains were also estimated. The results showed that Cd concentration in these paddy soils ranged from 0.21 to 0.48 mg/kg, with the mean Cd concentration (0.36 mg/kg) exceeded the national limitation of China (0.3 mg/kg, GB 15618-2018). Fortunately, all these contaminated paddy soils were just slightly polluted, with the highest single-factor pollution index value of 1.59. The DTPA- and CaCl2-extractable Cd in these paddy soils ranged from 0.16 to 0.22 mg/kg and 0.06 to 0.11 mg/kg, respectively, and the acid-soluble Cd occupied 40.40% to 52.04% of the total Cd, which was the highest among different fractions. The concentration of Cd in rice grain ranged from 0.03 to 0.39 mg/kg, and the mean Cd concentration in rice grain (0.16 mg/kg) was within the national limitation of China (0.2 mg/kg, GB 2762-2017). The bioaccumulation factor of Cd in rice grain ranged from 0.09 to 1.18, and its correlation with various indicators was nonsignificant (p < 0.05). Health risk assessment indicated that the noncarcinogenic risk for local rice consumers was within the acceptable range, but the carcinogenic risk (CR) was ranging from 1.24 × 10-2 to 1.09 × 10-3 and higher than the acceptable range (1.0 × 10-4), indicating that the local rice consumers suffered serious risk for carcinogenic diseases. The results of the present study can provide reference for safety production of rice in silver mining-affected areas.

Project description:Deep-seabed polymetallic nodule mining can have multiple adverse effects on benthic communities, such as permanent loss of habitat by removal of nodules and habitat modification of sediments. One tool to manage biodiversity risks is the mitigation hierarchy, including avoidance, minimization of impacts, rehabilitation and/or restoration, and offset. We initiated long-term restoration experiments at sites in polymetallic nodule exploration contract areas in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone that were (i) cleared of nodules by a preprototype mining vehicle, (ii) disturbed by dredge or sledge, (iii) undisturbed, and (iv) naturally devoid of nodules. To accommodate for habitat loss, we deployed >2000 artificial ceramic nodules to study the possible effect of substrate provision on the recovery of biota and its impact on sediment biogeochemistry. Seventy-five nodules were recovered after eight weeks and had not been colonized by any sessile epifauna. All other nodules will remain on the seafloor for several years before recovery. Furthermore, to account for habitat modification of the top sediment layer, sediment in an epibenthic sledge track was loosened by a metal rake to test the feasibility of sediment decompaction to facilitate soft-sediment recovery. Analyses of granulometry and nutrients one month after sediment decompaction revealed that sand fractions are proportionally lower within the decompacted samples, whereas total organic carbon values are higher. Considering the slow natural recovery rates of deep-sea communities, these experiments represent the beginning of a ~30-year study during which we expect to gain insights into the nature and timing of the development of hard-substrate communities and the influence of nodules on the recovery of disturbed sediment communities. Results will help us understand adverse long-term effects of nodule removal, providing an evidence base for setting criteria for the definition of "serious harm" to the environment. Furthermore, accompanying research is needed to define a robust ecosystem baseline in order to effectively identify restoration success. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:682-696. © 2021 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).

Dataset Information

Migration and transformation of cadmium in rice - soil under different nitrogen sources in polymetallic sulfide mining areas.

Publications

Migration and transformation of cadmium in rice - soil under different nitrogen sources in polymetallic sulfide mining areas.

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