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Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Gender affects the clinical presentation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The classic OSA symptoms, such as sleepiness, snoring, and apnea, are not so frequent in women. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate possible gender differences in questionnaires used for OSA prediction, such as the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), STOP, STOP Bang (SB), Berlin Questionnaire (BQ), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and Fatigue Scale (FS). METHODS:350 males were matched with 350 women referred to a sleep clinic, according to OSA severity. All responded to the questionnaires and underwent a sleep study. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients were separately analyzed. RESULTS:ESS did not differ between genders. SB was higher in males, whereas STOP, BQ, AIS, and FS were higher in females. BQ presented the highest sensitivity in both genders, whereas STOP exhibited the highest specificity in males and ESS in females. AIS and FS were more sensitive and SB more specific in females, whereas BQ was more specific in males. For severe OSA, the predictive values of SB and BQ were almost similar for both genders; however AIS and FS were higher in women. CVD patients presented higher scores, independent of gender, except for AIS, which was higher in females. CONCLUSION:Gender-specific evaluation of questionnaires is necessary to prevent OSA under-diagnosis.

SUBMITTER: Pataka A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7019723 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients.

Pataka Athanasia A Kotoulas Seraphim S Kalamaras George G Schiza Sofia S Sapalidis Konstantinos K Giannakidis Dimitirios D Michalopoulos Nikolaos N Koulouris Charilaos C Aidoni Zoi Z Amaniti Aikaterini A Bouloukaki Izoldi I Chatzopoulos Evangelos E Romanidis Konstantinos K Oikonomou Panagoula P Steiropoulos Paschalis P Trakada Georgia G Vagionas Anastasios A Ioannidis Aris A Katsios Iason Nikolaos IN Goganau Alexandru Marian AM Zarogoulidis Pavlos P Kosmidis Christoforos C

Journal of clinical medicine 20200103 1

<h4>Background</h4>Gender affects the clinical presentation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The classic OSA symptoms, such as sleepiness, snoring, and apnea, are not so frequent in women.<h4>Objectives</h4>To evaluate possible gender differences in questionnaires used for OSA prediction, such as the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), STOP, STOP Bang (SB), Berlin Questionnaire (BQ), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and Fatigue Scale (FS).<h4>Methods</h4>350 males were matched with 350 women referred t ...[more]

PMID: 31947711

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Project description:Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy of the upper extremity. It is usually associated with the compression of the median nerve in the median groove. Because the main symptoms of CTS pain and numbness worsen at night, sleep disorders in CTS patients and the impact of preferred sleeping position on CTS development have been formerly studied. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study assessing the frequency of CTS in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. This study aimed to determine the frequency of CTS in OSA patients and evaluate the causative relation between the two diseases.Records of individuals who were admitted to our sleep laboratory were retrospectively scanned. Eighty patients who were diagnosed with OSA and did not have comorbidities that might cause OSA (e.g., diabetes mellitus, hypothyroiditis, rheumatic diseases, and cervical radiculopathy) were included in the study along with 80 healthy controls who matched for age, sex, and BMI of OSA patients. To maintain observer blindness, patients were not questioned regarding their symptoms or the clinical data that would be used in the study. All participants underwent nerve conduction studies. Those who were diagnosed with CTS were questioned regarding CTS symptoms and the preferred sleeping position. Subsequently, patients were given the Boston CTS questionnaire.CTS frequency in OSA patients was found to be 27.5%. There was no significant relation between preferred sleeping position or being a manual worker and having CTS.CTS frequency in OSA patients is significantly higher than that in healthy individuals. In contrast to previous studies that have been performed in the absence of polysomnographic and electrophysiological data, in our study biomechanical factors were not associated with CTS presence. Therefore, we conclude that intermittent hypoxemia is the main etiological factor for CTS in OSA patients. Inflammation may be a common factor for etiopathogenesis for both diseases, but this hypothesis needs further investigation.

Dataset Information

Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients.

Publications

Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients.

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