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Hydrothermal Treatment Enhances Antioxidant Activity and Intestinal Absorption of Rutin in Tartary Buckwheat Flour Extracts.

ABSTRACT: Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is widely used in the food industry due to its functionality, which is related to its high rutin content. However, rutin is easily converted into quercetin by an endogenous enzyme during processing, resulting in a bitter taste. In this study, rutin-enriched Tartary buckwheat flour extracts (TBFEs) were obtained by hydrothermal treatments (autoclaving, boiling, and steaming), and their antioxidant activity was evaluated in human intestinal cells. The intestinal absorption of the hydrothermally treated TBFEs was also investigated using in vitro models of intestinal barriers and an ex vivo model of intestinal absorption. The results demonstrated that all of the hydrothermally treated TBFEs had increased rutin, total polyphenol, and total flavonoid contents, which enhance the in vitro and intracellular radical scavenging activities. Antioxidant enzyme activity, cellular uptake efficiency, in vitro intestinal transport efficacy, and ex vivo intestinal absorption of the hydrothermally treated TBFEs were also enhanced compared with those of native TBFE or standard rutin. These findings suggest the promising potential of hydrothermally treated TBFEs for a wide range of applications in the functional food industry.

SUBMITTER: Jin HR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7022688 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hydrothermal Treatment Enhances Antioxidant Activity and Intestinal Absorption of Rutin in Tartary Buckwheat Flour Extracts.

Jin Hye-Rin HR Yu Jin J Choi Soo-Jin SJ

Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 20191220 1

Tartary buckwheat (<i>Fagopyrum esculentum</i>) is widely used in the food industry due to its functionality, which is related to its high rutin content. However, rutin is easily converted into quercetin by an endogenous enzyme during processing, resulting in a bitter taste. In this study, rutin-enriched Tartary buckwheat flour extracts (TBFEs) were obtained by hydrothermal treatments (autoclaving, boiling, and steaming), and their antioxidant activity was evaluated in human intestinal cells. Th ...[more]

PMID: 31861857

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Project description:Buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.) has immense nutritional and nutraceutical potential. All the plant parts of buckwheat possess various metabolites, such as rutin, quercetin, vitexin etc. The high content of rutin in this pseudo cereal crop strongly adapts it to grow under adverse environments. In the present study 50 germplasm lines of Fagopyrum tataricum were used for estimation of seed endosperm rutin content through HPLC. Furthermore, molecular analysis of PAL gene (Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase), an upstream gene in rutin biosynthesis pathway was targeted for detection of SNPs to understand the variations in the concentrations of seed endosperm rutin content, among tartary buckwheat genotypes with highest and lowest seed endosperm rutin content. Three primer pairs were employed for amplification of PAL gene for F. tartaricum (covering whole gene) followed by sequencing. Rutin concentration in seed endosperm of F. tartaricum ranged from 194.86 to 1403.22 ppm with an average of 617.06 ppm. Highest rutin concentration was found in genotype BWZ90 and lowest in BWZ16. Significant variations were observed in the seed endosperm rutin content among the genotypes of tartary buckwheat. Furthermore, alignment of PAL gene sequences of genotypes with high seed endosperm rutin content and low seed endosperm rutin content revealed variations at 21 polymorphic sites. The amino acid sequences obtained from the nucleotide sequences were also aligned and the variations were detected at 19 positions. The putative protein structure showed conformational changes among predicted proteins from two contrasting genotypes for endosperm rutin content. We here established an inventory of seed endosperm rutin content of tartary buckwheat. This study also provided insights about role of these SNPs in rutin biosynthesis. Furthermore, this information can be used for breeding buckwheat for high metabolite contents.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03218-y.

Project description:BackgroundTartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) is an edible cereal crop whose sprouts have been marketed and commercialized for their higher levels of anti-oxidants, including rutin and anthocyanin. UDP-glucose flavonoid glycosyltransferases (UFGTs) play an important role in the biosynthesis of flavonoids in plants. So far, few studies are available on UFGT genes that may play a role in tartary buckwheat flavonoids biosynthesis. Here, we report on the identification and functional characterization of seven UFGTs from tartary buckwheat that are potentially involved in flavonoid biosynthesis (and have varying effects on plant growth and development when overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana.) RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the potential function of the seven FtUFGT proteins, FtUFGT6, FtUFGT7, FtUFGT8, FtUFGT9, FtUFGT15, FtUFGT40, and FtUFGT41, could be divided into three Arabidopsis thaliana functional subgroups that are involved in flavonoid biosynthesis of and anthocyanin accumulation. A significant positive correlation between FtUFGT8 and FtUFGT15 expression and anthocyanin accumulation capacity was observed in the tartary buckwheat seedlings after cold stress. Overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana showed that FtUFGT8, FtUFGT15, and FtUFGT41 significantly increased the anthocyanin content in transgenic plants. Unexpectedly, overexpression of FtUFGT6, while not leading to enhanced anthocyanin accumulation, significantly enhanced the growth yield of transgenic plants. When wild-type plants have only cotyledons, most of the transgenic plants of FtUFGT6 had grown true leaves. Moreover, the growth speed of the oxFtUFGT6 transgenic plant root was also significantly faster than that of the wild type. At later growth, FtUFGT6 transgenic plants showed larger leaves, earlier twitching times and more tillers than wild type, whereas FtUFGT15 showed opposite results.ConclusionsSeven FtUFGTs were isolated from tartary buckwheat. FtUFGT8, FtUFGT15, and FtUFGT41 can significantly increase the accumulation of total anthocyanins in transgenic plants. Furthermore, overexpression of FtUFGT6 increased the overall yield of Arabidopsis transgenic plants at all growth stages. However, FtUFGT15 shows the opposite trend at later growth stage and delays the growth speed of plants. These results suggested that the biological function of FtUFGT genes in tartary buckwheat is diverse.

Dataset Information

Hydrothermal Treatment Enhances Antioxidant Activity and Intestinal Absorption of Rutin in Tartary Buckwheat Flour Extracts.

Publications

Hydrothermal Treatment Enhances Antioxidant Activity and Intestinal Absorption of Rutin in Tartary Buckwheat Flour Extracts.

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