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Effect of Nanoparticles with Different Chemical Nature on the Stability and Rheology of Acrylamide Sodium Acrylate Copolymer/Chromium (III) Acetate Gel for Conformance Control Operations.

ABSTRACT: During enhanced oil recovery (EOR), reservoir heterogeneities and fluids distributions promote preferential flow channels formation. Therefore, different types of gels have been proposed to improve swept efficiency on chemical flooding by plugging high permeability zones. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effect that nanotechnology has on the inhibition of syneresis and the rheological properties of the Acrylamide Sodium Acrylate Copolymer/Chromium (III) Acetate gel system for conformance applications in mature reservoirs. Thus, a methodology is proposed in four stages: First, (I) nanoparticles synthesis, and characterization, followed by (II) bottle tests to monitor gelation kinetics and syneresis degree at 70 °C, then (III) description of the rheological evaluation on static and dynamic conditions to calculate gelation time and viscoelastic modulus (G' and G"), and finally (IV) the displacement test with the best gel system in the presence of nanoparticles. Results showed that the best nanoparticle was the chromium oxide (Cr2O3), which represented the lesser syneresis degree and increased gelation time. Syneresis of gel samples in the presence of Cr2O3 at day 30 was under 1% for gels prepared with 4000, 6000, and 8000 mg·L-1 of polymer, and polymer to crosslinker ratio (p/c) of 40:1. Regarding SiO2, MgO, and Al2O3 nanoparticles, results show an improvement of gel strength. However, their thermal stability in terms of syneresis was lower. Displacement test in a triple parallel Slim Tube was able to recover an additional 37% of oil of the total oil present in the sandpacks, confirming the effectivity of the system when 100 mg·L-1 of Cr2O3 nanoparticles are included.

SUBMITTER: Perez-Robles S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7023126 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of Nanoparticles with Different Chemical Nature on the Stability and Rheology of Acrylamide Sodium Acrylate Copolymer/Chromium (III) Acetate Gel for Conformance Control Operations.

Pérez-Robles Saray S Matute Cristian A CA Lara Jeison R JR Lopera Sergio H SH Cortés Farid B FB Franco Camilo A CA

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) 20191230 1

During enhanced oil recovery (EOR), reservoir heterogeneities and fluids distributions promote preferential flow channels formation. Therefore, different types of gels have been proposed to improve swept efficiency on chemical flooding by plugging high permeability zones. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effect that nanotechnology has on the inhibition of syneresis and the rheological properties of the Acrylamide Sodium Acrylate Copolymer/Chromium (III) Acetate gel system for confo ...[more]

PMID: 31905977

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Project description:Excessive water production from natural gas reservoirs is a main challenge facing the industry nowadays. Polymeric gelants have been widely applied to seal the water production zones, leading to a more feasible production operation. Nevertheless, conventional treatments fail in reservoirs characterized with the presence of sour gases. In this paper, aluminum-based salts are investigated as potential replacement for the conventional chromium acetate as crosslinkers for polyacrylamide (PAM), where aluminum has the advantage of being more environment-friendly besides its abundance. The investigation covers the whole pH range and examines the rheological behavior of the mature gels in the temperature range between 25 and 100 °C. While chromium acetate was proven to be sensitive to the presence of sour gases, namely, CO2 and H2S, because of the inability to produce a stable gel at the acidic conditions, this paper presents aluminum-based crosslinkers that are more tolerable toward high acidity. Unlike the conventional crosslinkers, the gelation rate in aluminum acetate and aluminum aminoacetate systems was found to decrease with the increase in pH. Both the crosslinkers succeeded in producing a strong gel with a storage modulus of more than 2000 Pa. Moreover, this study relates the physical stability of the colloidal aluminum crosslinkers with the viscoelastic behavior of the mature gel. The results reveal that aluminum acetate, among the screened salts, has a controllable gelation time at pH conditions between 3.5 and 8.5 and is the most stable in the temperature range 25-100 °C. PAM/AlAc system has a gelation time of around 50 min at 75 °C making it suitable for near-wellbore treatments, while the gelation time increased to 80 min upon increasing the pH of the system from 4.1 to 4.6. Moreover, the system showed good stability in saline conditions with NaCl concentration of up to 50,000 ppm. Scanning electron microscopy of freeze-dried samples proved the uniform distribution of colloidal crosslinkers and showed sheets wrapping around the colloidal particles. The performance of the new crosslinker is compared with available commercial crosslinkers.

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Dataset Information

Effect of Nanoparticles with Different Chemical Nature on the Stability and Rheology of Acrylamide Sodium Acrylate Copolymer/Chromium (III) Acetate Gel for Conformance Control Operations.

Publications

Effect of Nanoparticles with Different Chemical Nature on the Stability and Rheology of Acrylamide Sodium Acrylate Copolymer/Chromium (III) Acetate Gel for Conformance Control Operations.

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