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Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Wound Healing Activity of Mussel Myticin C.

ABSTRACT: Myticin C is the most studied antimicrobial peptide in the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Although it is constitutively expressed in mussel hemocytes and displays antibacterial, antiviral, and chemotactic functions, recent work has suggested that this molecule is mainly activated after tissue injury. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to characterize the hemocytes' transcriptomic response after a myticin C treatment, in order to understand the molecular changes induced by this cytokine-like molecule. The transcriptome analysis revealed the modulation of genes related to cellular movement, such as myosin, transgelin, and calponin-like proteins, in agreement with results of functional assays, where an implication of myticin C in the in vitro activation of hemocytes and migration was evidenced. This was also observed in vivo after a tissue injury, when hemocytes, with high concentrations of myticin C, migrated to the damaged area to heal the wound. All these properties allowed us to think about the biotechnological application of these molecules as wound healers. Human keratinocytes and larvae zebrafish models were used to confirm this hypothesis. Accelerated regeneration after a wound or tail fin amputation was observed after treatment with the myticin C peptide, supporting the chemotactic and healing activity of myticin C.

SUBMITTER: Rey-Campos M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7023338 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Wound Healing Activity of Mussel Myticin C.

Rey-Campos Magalí M Moreira Rebeca R Romero Alejandro A Medina-Gali Regla M RM Novoa Beatriz B Gasset María M Figueras Antonio A

Biomolecules 20200114 1

Myticin C is the most studied antimicrobial peptide in the marine mussel <i>Mytilus</i><i>galloprovincialis</i>. Although it is constitutively expressed in mussel hemocytes and displays antibacterial, antiviral, and chemotactic functions, recent work has suggested that this molecule is mainly activated after tissue injury. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to characterize the hemocytes' transcriptomic response after a myticin C treatment, in order to understand the molecular changes ...[more]

PMID: 31947557

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Project description:UnlabelledLittle is known about the antiviral response in mollusks. As in other invertebrates, the interferon signaling pathways have not been identified, and in fact, there is a debate about whether invertebrates possess antiviral immunity similar to that of vertebrates. In marine bivalves, due to their filtering activity, interaction with putative pathogens, including viruses, is very high, suggesting that they should have mechanisms to address these infections. In this study, we confirmed that constitutively expressed molecules in naive mussels confer resistance in oysters to ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) when oyster hemocytes are incubated with mussel hemolymph. Using a proteomic approach, myticin C peptides were identified in both mussel hemolymph and hemocytes. Myticins, antimicrobial peptides that have been previously characterized, were constitutively expressed in a fraction of mussel hemocytes and showed antiviral activity against OsHV-1, suggesting that these molecules could be responsible for the antiviral activity of mussel hemolymph. For the first time, a molecule from a bivalve has shown antiviral activity against a virus affecting mollusks. Moreover, myticin C peptides showed antiviral activity against human herpes simplex viruses 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2). In summary, our work sheds light on the invertebrate antiviral immune response with the identification of a molecule with potential biotechnological applications.ImportanceSeveral bioactive molecules that have potential pharmaceutical or industrial applications have been identified and isolated from marine invertebrates. Myticin C, an antimicrobial peptide from the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) that was identified by proteomic techniques in both mussel hemolymph and hemocytes, showed potential as an antiviral agent against ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), which represents a major threat to the oyster-farming sector. Both hemolymph from mussels and a myticin C peptide inhibited OsHV-1 replication in oyster hemocytes. Additionally, a modified peptide derived from myticin C or the nanoencapsulated normal peptide also showed antiviral activity against the human herpesviruses HSV-1 and HSV-2. Therefore, myticin C is an example of the biotechnological and therapeutic potential of mollusks.

Project description:Ablative fractional laser treatment is considered the gold standard for skin rejuvenation. In order to understand how fractional laser works to rejuvenate skin, we performed microarray profiling on skin biopsies to identify temporal and dose-response changes in gene expression following fractional laser treatment. The backs of 14 women were treated with ablative fractional laser (Fraxel®) and 4 mm punch biopsies were collected from an untreated site and at the treated sites 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the single treatment. In addition, in order to understand the effect that multiple fractional laser treatments have on skin rejuvenation, several sites were treated sequentially with either 1, 2, 3, or 4 treatments (with 28 days between treatments) followed by the collection of 4 mm punch biopsies. RNA was extracted from the biopsies, analyzed using Affymetrix U219 chips and gene expression was compared between untreated and treated sites. We observed dramatic changes in gene expression as early as 1 day after fractional laser treatment with changes remaining elevated even after 1 month. Analysis of individual genes demonstrated significant and time related changes in inflammatory, epidermal, and dermal genes, with dermal genes linked to extracellular matrix formation changing at later time points following fractional laser treatment. When comparing the age-related changes in skin gene expression to those induced by fractional laser, it was observed that fractional laser treatment reverses many of the changes in the aging gene expression. Finally, multiple fractional laser treatments, which cover different regions of a treatment area, resulted in a sustained or increased dermal remodeling response, with many genes either differentially regulated or continuously upregulated, supporting previous observations that maximal skin rejuvenation requires multiple fractional laser treatments. In conclusion, fractional laser treatment of human skin activates a number of biological processes involved in wound healing and tissue regeneration.

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Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Wound Healing Activity of Mussel Myticin C.

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Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Wound Healing Activity of Mussel Myticin C.

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