Dataset Information

Aldoxime Metabolism Is Linked to Phenylpropanoid Production in Camelina sativa.

ABSTRACT: Plants produce diverse secondary metabolites. Although each metabolite is made through its respective biosynthetic pathway, plants coordinate multiple biosynthetic pathways simultaneously. One example is an interaction between glucosinolate and phenylpropanoid pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana. Glucosinolates are defense compounds made primarily from methionine and tryptophan, while phenylpropanoids are made from phenylalanine. Recent studies have shown that the accumulation of glucosinolate intermediate such as indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) or its derivatives represses phenylpropanoid production via the degradation of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) functioning at the entry point of the phenylpropanoid pathway. Given that IAOx is a precursor of other bioactive compounds other than glucosinolates and that the phenylpropanoid pathway is present in most plants, we hypothesized that this interaction is relevant to other species. Camelina sativa is an oil crop and produces camalexin from IAOx. We enhanced IAOx production in Camelina by overexpressing Arabidopsis CYP79B2 which encodes an IAOx-producing enzyme. The overexpression of AtCYP79B2 results in increased auxin content and its associated morphological phenotypes in Camelina but indole glucosinolates were not detected in Camelina wild type as well as the overexpression lines. However, phenylpropanoid contents were reduced in AtCYP79B2 overexpression lines suggesting a link between aldoxime metabolism and phenylpropanoid production. Interestingly, the expression of PALs was not affected in the overexpression lines although PAL activity was reduced. To test if PAL degradation is involved in the crosstalk, we identified F-box genes functioning in PAL degradation through a phylogenetic study. A total of 459 transcript models encoding kelch-motifs were identified from the Camelina sativa database. Among them, the expression of CsKFBs involved in PAL degradation is up-regulated in the transgenic lines. Our results suggest a link between aldoxime metabolism and phenylpropanoid production in Camelina and that the molecular mechanism behind the crosstalk is conserved in Arabidopsis and Camelina.

SUBMITTER: Zhang D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7025560 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Aldoxime Metabolism Is Linked to Phenylpropanoid Production in <i>Camelina sativa</i>.

Zhang Dingpeng D Song Yeong Hun YH Dai Ru R Lee Tong Geon TG Kim Jeongim J

Frontiers in plant science 20200205

Plants produce diverse secondary metabolites. Although each metabolite is made through its respective biosynthetic pathway, plants coordinate multiple biosynthetic pathways simultaneously. One example is an interaction between glucosinolate and phenylpropanoid pathways in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>. Glucosinolates are defense compounds made primarily from methionine and tryptophan, while phenylpropanoids are made from phenylalanine. Recent studies have shown that the accumulation of glucosinola ...[more]

PMID: 32117366

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Project description:This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of Camelina sativa oil (CO) on fermentation kinetics and methane (CH4) production in rations with different roughage (R) to concentrate (C) ratios. Three total mixed rations (TMRs) were used as substrates (R70:C30, R50:C50, and R30:C70) supplemented with different levels of CO (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8% on dry matter basis) in an in vitro batch culture system. The enteric CH4 production was determined at different times of incubation while fermentation parameters were measured at the end of incubation. Results revealed that CO significantly decreased (P < 0.05) CH4 production at 48 h in medium (R50:C50) and low- (R30:C70) roughage diets than control. Camelina oil at all levels significantly (P < 0.05) affected ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and microbial protein (MCP) in all rations. Propionate concentration was increased by supplementing 8% CO to R70:C30 TMR, but it decreased with increasing levels of CO for low- and medium-roughage diets. Acetate concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) higher at 4% CO supplementation, but it decreased with 8% CO level in R30:C70 TMR. For all rations, CO decreased (P < 0.001) total bacteria, protozoa, and methanogens. Total fungi counts were affected by CO in all rations, especially with a 6% level in two rations (R30:C70 and R50:C50) and 8% level with high-roughage ration (R70:C30). Supplementation of CO in medium-roughage ration (R50:C50) showed a linear (P < 0.05) decrease in bacterial richness and evenness indices along with Shannon diversity as compared to the control. Moreover, CO also increased Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio in all TMRs more effectively at higher levels. Camelina oil also affected the relative abundance of Prevotella in both low- and medium-roughage diets while increasing the abundance of Ruminobacter and Pseudobutyrivibrio. The present study concluded that CO enhanced fermentation kinetics while decreasing enteric in vitro CH4 production from fibrous diets. Thus, it may be considered as a potentially effective and environmentally friendly way of mitigating CH4 emission from livestock.

Project description:BackgroundAs the circular economy advocates a near total waste reduction, the industry has shown an increased interest toward the exploitation of various residual biomasses. The origin and availability of biomass used as feedstock strongly affect the sustainability of biorefineries, where it is converted in energy and chemicals. Here, we explored the valorization of Camelina meal, the leftover residue from Camelina sativa oil extraction. In fact, in addition to Camelina meal use as animal feed, there is an increasing interest in further valorizing its macromolecular content or its nutritional value.ResultsCamelina meal hydrolysates were used as nutrient and energy sources for the fermentation of the carotenoid-producing yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides in shake flasks. Total acid hydrolysis revealed that carbohydrates accounted for a maximum of 31 ± 1.0% of Camelina meal. However, because acid hydrolysis is not optimal for subsequent microbial fermentation, an enzymatic hydrolysis protocol was assessed, yielding a maximum sugar recovery of 53.3%. Separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), and SSF preceded by presaccharification of Camelina meal hydrolysate produced 5 ± 0.7, 16 ± 1.9, and 13 ± 2.6 mg/L of carotenoids, respectively. Importantly, the presence of water-insoluble solids, which normally inhibit microbial growth, correlated with a higher titer of carotenoids, suggesting that the latter could act as scavengers.ConclusionsThis study paves the way for the exploitation of Camelina meal as feedstock in biorefinery processes. The process under development provides an example of how different final products can be obtained from this side stream, such as pure carotenoids and carotenoid-enriched Camelina meal, can potentially increase the initial value of the source material. The obtained data will help assess the feasibility of using Camelina meal to generate high value-added products.

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Dataset Information

Aldoxime Metabolism Is Linked to Phenylpropanoid Production in Camelina sativa.

Publications

Aldoxime Metabolism Is Linked to Phenylpropanoid Production in <i>Camelina sativa</i>.

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