Dataset Information

The Representation of Coordinate Relations in Lexical Semantic Memory.

ABSTRACT: Two experiments examined the size of the typicality effect for true items in a category verification task as a function of the type of false item used. In Experiment 1, compared to the case where false items paired unrelated concepts ("carrot-vehicle"), the typicality effect was much larger when false items paired an exemplar with a category coordinate to its proper category ("carrot-fruit"). In contrast, when false items paired coordinate concepts ("carrot-pea") or reversed the ordering of subject and predicate terms ("All vegetables are carrots"), the typicality effect did not change in size. Further, the time to verify true sentences did not increase monotonically with the semantic similarity of the two terms used in false sentences. Experiment 2 showed that the pattern of results for coordinate items reflected semantic processing, not simply task difficulty. A combined analysis examined data across multiple experiments, increasing the power of the statistical analysis. The size of the typicality effect when coordinate false items were used was again the same as when false items paired unrelated concepts. The most straightforward explanation of this pattern of results seems to be in terms of a sparse semantic network model of lexical semantic memory, in which labeled links are used to indicate the semantic relation that exists between pairs of words.

SUBMITTER: Gruenenfelder TM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7026369 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Representation of Coordinate Relations in Lexical Semantic Memory.

Gruenenfelder Thomas M TM

Frontiers in psychology 20200211

Two experiments examined the size of the typicality effect for true items in a category verification task as a function of the type of false item used. In Experiment 1, compared to the case where false items paired unrelated concepts ("carrot-vehicle"), the typicality effect was much larger when false items paired an exemplar with a category coordinate to its proper category ("carrot-fruit"). In contrast, when false items paired coordinate concepts ("carrot-pea") or reversed the ordering of subj ...[more]

PMID: 32116912

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Project description:BackgroundThe proliferation of the scientific literature in the field of biomedicine makes it difficult to keep abreast of current knowledge, even for domain experts. While general Web search engines and specialized information retrieval (IR) systems have made important strides in recent decades, the problem of accurate knowledge extraction from the biomedical literature is far from solved. Classical IR systems usually return a list of documents that have to be read by the user to extract relevant information. This tedious and time-consuming work can be lessened with automatic Question Answering (QA) systems, which aim to provide users with direct and precise answers to their questions. In this work we propose a novel methodology for QA based on semantic relations extracted from the biomedical literature.ResultsWe extracted semantic relations with the SemRep natural language processing system from 122,421,765 sentences, which came from 21,014,382 MEDLINE citations (i.e., the complete MEDLINE distribution up to the end of 2012). A total of 58,879,300 semantic relation instances were extracted and organized in a relational database. The QA process is implemented as a search in this database, which is accessed through a Web-based application, called SemBT (available at http://sembt.mf.uni-lj.si ). We conducted an extensive evaluation of the proposed methodology in order to estimate the accuracy of extracting a particular semantic relation from a particular sentence. Evaluation was performed by 80 domain experts. In total 7,510 semantic relation instances belonging to 2,675 distinct relations were evaluated 12,083 times. The instances were evaluated as correct 8,228 times (68%).ConclusionsIn this work we propose an innovative methodology for biomedical QA. The system is implemented as a Web-based application that is able to provide precise answers to a wide range of questions. A typical question is answered within a few seconds. The tool has some extensions that make it especially useful for interpretation of DNA microarray results.

Dataset Information

The Representation of Coordinate Relations in Lexical Semantic Memory.

Publications

The Representation of Coordinate Relations in Lexical Semantic Memory.

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