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A widely distributed metalloenzyme class enables gut microbial metabolism of host- and diet-derived catechols.

ABSTRACT: Catechol dehydroxylation is a central chemical transformation in the gut microbial metabolism of plant- and host-derived small molecules. However, the molecular basis for this transformation and its distribution among gut microorganisms are poorly understood. Here, we characterize a molybdenum-dependent enzyme from the human gut bacterium Eggerthella lenta that dehydroxylates catecholamine neurotransmitters. Our findings suggest that this activity enables E. lenta to use dopamine as an electron acceptor. We also identify candidate dehydroxylases that metabolize additional host- and plant-derived catechols. These dehydroxylases belong to a distinct group of largely uncharacterized molybdenum-dependent enzymes that likely mediate primary and secondary metabolism in multiple environments. Finally, we observe catechol dehydroxylation in the gut microbiotas of diverse mammals, confirming the presence of this chemistry in habitats beyond the human gut. These results suggest that the chemical strategies that mediate metabolism and interactions in the human gut are relevant to a broad range of species and habitats.

SUBMITTER: Maini Rekdal V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7028382 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A widely distributed metalloenzyme class enables gut microbial metabolism of host- and diet-derived catechols.

Maini Rekdal Vayu V Nol Bernadino Paola P Luescher Michael U MU Kiamehr Sina S Le Chip C Bisanz Jordan E JE Turnbaugh Peter J PJ Bess Elizabeth N EN Balskus Emily P EP

eLife 20200218

Catechol dehydroxylation is a central chemical transformation in the gut microbial metabolism of plant- and host-derived small molecules. However, the molecular basis for this transformation and its distribution among gut microorganisms are poorly understood. Here, we characterize a molybdenum-dependent enzyme from the human gut bacterium <i>Eggerthella lenta</i> that dehydroxylates catecholamine neurotransmitters. Our findings suggest that this activity enables <i>E. lenta</i> to use dopamine a ...[more]

PMID: 32067637

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Dataset Information

A widely distributed metalloenzyme class enables gut microbial metabolism of host- and diet-derived catechols.

Publications

A widely distributed metalloenzyme class enables gut microbial metabolism of host- and diet-derived catechols.

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