Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Performance under pressure in skill tasks: An analysis of professional darts.

ABSTRACT: Understanding and predicting how individuals perform in high-pressure situations is of importance in designing and managing workplaces. We investigate performance under pressure in professional darts as a near-ideal setting with no direct interaction between players and a high number of observations per subject. Analyzing almost one year of tournament data covering 32,274 dart throws, we find no evidence in favor of either choking or excelling under pressure.

SUBMITTER: Otting M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7034807 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Performance under pressure in skill tasks: An analysis of professional darts.

Ötting Marius M Deutscher Christian C Schneemann Sandra S Langrock Roland R Gehrmann Sebastian S Scholten Hendrik H

PloS one 20200221 2

Understanding and predicting how individuals perform in high-pressure situations is of importance in designing and managing workplaces. We investigate performance under pressure in professional darts as a near-ideal setting with no direct interaction between players and a high number of observations per subject. Analyzing almost one year of tournament data covering 32,274 dart throws, we find no evidence in favor of either choking or excelling under pressure. ...[more]

PMID: 32084161

Similar Datasets

Evidence for Sequential Performance Effects in Professional Darts.

Project description:Objectives: The study of sequential effects in aiming tasks might shed light on the organization of repetitive motor performances over time. To date, investigations of such effects in sports have been limited and yielded mixed results. Given the relatively short time intervals between successive attempts, and the absence of defensive interventions, dart throwing provides a potentially fruitful testing ground for examining the presence of sequential performance effects in the motor domain. Methods and Results: A total of 80 competitive darts matches of 10 of the world's best players were scored from publicly available video footage in terms of sequences of hits and misses of triple 20. In darts, throws are organized in legs, i.e., a rapid succession of three throws by the same player, allowing us to investigate various transitions in performance (throw 1 ? 2, 2 ? 3, and 3 ? 1). The resulting binary sequences were analyzed statistically in terms of independence and stationarity. Across players significant statistical evidence was found for sequential dependence from the first throw in a leg to the second throw, but not for the other transitions. As regards to stationarity, a significant decline in performance was observed in the course of the match. Conclusions: In professional darts, evidence can be found for both sequential dependence as well as for non-stationarity, implying that performance does not, or at least not always, constitute a stationary random independent process. More research is needed on the motor control mechanisms underlying the observed carry-over effects within triplets as well as the possible causes of non-stationarity.

| S-EPMC5932194 | biostudies-literature

Professional Skill Builder: Mastering Cardiac Auscultation in Under 4 Hours.

Project description:IntroductionCardiac auscultation is an important clinical skill used by health care professionals during bedside patient evaluation and management. To support development of this skill in health sciences students, we created a self-paced, interactive program. This program helps develop foundational skills and knowledge so learners can confidently perform basic cardiac auscultation at the bedside.MethodsFor novice learners, this program should be used in conjunction with their initial clinical experiences so they can immediately apply what they have learned in the short course. Advanced learners and health care professionals can use this program to review and improve their cardiac auscultation skills. To achieve these objectives, this multimedia program teaches the eight basic heart cadences and their clinical significance through the use of guided tutorials, a gamified e-learning activity, interactive clinical cases, and a self-assessment. A heart sound and murmur library is also included for comparative listening at the bedside.ResultsCourse evaluations from the first- and second-year Clinical Foundations of Medicine courses at the University of Michigan Medical School demonstrate the value of the various sections of the program. Additionally, the clinical cases have been shown to be effective in improving cardiac auscultation knowledge and skills among residents.DiscussionAll clinical cases in the program are based on authentic clinical problems and were developed by academic cardiologists and internists with expertise in this area. Various sections of this tutorial have been in use at our institution for over 20 years and have been evaluated favorably by our students.

| S-EPMC6338255 | biostudies-literature

Music performance regulates microRNAs in professional musicians

Project description:The dataset was used to study the effect of 2 hours of western classical music concert performance on the peripheral blood microRNA transcriptome in professional musicians.

2019-03-04 | GSE115071 | GEO

Music performance regulates microRNAs in professional musicians

Project description:Music performance regulates microRNAs in professional musicians

| PRJNA473653 | ENA

Effect of a positive pressure ventilation-refresher program on ventilation skill performance during simulated newborn resuscitation.

Project description:AimClinical staff highly proficient in neonatal resuscitation are essential to ensure prompt, effective positive pressure ventilation (PPV) for infants that do not breathe spontaneously after birth. However, it is well-documented that resuscitation competency is transient after standard training. We hypothesized that brief, repeated PPV psychomotor skill refresher training would improve PPV performance for newborn care nurses.MethodsSubjects completed a blinded baseline and post PPV-skills assessment. Data on volume and rate for each ventilation was recorded. After baseline assessment, subjects completed PPV-Refreshers over 3 months consisting of psychomotor skill training using a newborn manikin with visual feedback. Subjects provided PPV until they could deliver ≥30 s of PPV meeting targets for volume (10-21 mL) and rate (40-60 ventilations per minute [vpm]). Baseline and post assessments were compared for total number PPV delivered, number target PPV delivered (volume 10-21 mL), mean volume and mean rate (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, median[IQR]).ResultsTwenty-six subjects were enrolled and completed a baseline assessment; 24 (92%) completed a post-assessment; 2 (8%) were lost to follow-up. Over 3 months, a mean 3.2 (range 1-6) PPV-Refreshers/subject were completed. Compared to baseline, subjects demonstrated significant improvement for total (57 [36-74] vs. 33 [26-46]; p = 0.0007) and target PPV (23 [13-23] vs. 11 [5-21]; p = 0.024), and a significant change in mean volume (mL) (11.5 [10.2-13] vs. 13.4 [11-16]; p = 0.02) and mean rate (vpm) (54 [45-61] vs. 40 [28-49]; p = 0.019).ConclusionsA PPV-Refresher program with brief, repeated psychomotor skill practice significantly improved PPV performance with the greatest improvement in total PPV and target PPV. Additional investigation is warranted to determine optimal PPV-Refresher frequency.Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT02347241.

| S-EPMC8244303 | biostudies-literature

Does learning a skill with the expectation of teaching it impair the skill's execution under psychological pressure if the skill is learned with analogy instructions?

Project description:ObjectiveHaving learners practice a motor skill with the expectation of teaching it (versus an expectation of being tested on it) has been revealed to enhance skill learning. However, this improvement in skill performance is lost when the skill must be performed under psychological pressure due to 'choking under pressure.' The present study will investigate whether this choking effect is caused by an accrual of declarative knowledge during skill practice and could be prevented if a technique (analogy instructions) to minimize the accrual of declarative knowledge during practice is employed.DesignWe will use a 2 (Expectation: teach/test) x 2 (Instruction: analogy/explicit) x 2 (Posttest: high-pressure/low-pressure) mixed-factor design, with repeated measures on the last factor.MethodsA minimum of 148 participants will be quasi-randomly assigned (based on sex) to one of four groups. Participants in the teach/analogy and teach/explicit groups will practice golf putting with the expectation of teaching putting to another participant, and analogy instructions or explicit instructions, respectively. Participants in the test/analogy and test/explicit groups will practice golf putting with the expectation of being tested on their putting, and analogy instructions or explicit instructions, respectively. The next day all participants will complete low- and high-pressure putting posttests, with their putting accuracy serving as the dependent variable.

| S-EPMC7467865 | biostudies-literature

Back to feedback: aberrant sensorimotor control in music performance under pressure.

Project description:Precisely timed production of dexterous actions is often destabilized in anxiogenic situations. Previous studies demonstrated that cognitive functions such as attention and working memory as well as autonomic nervous functions are susceptible to psychological stress in skillful performance while playing sports or musical instruments. However, it is not known whether the degradation of sensorimotor functions underlies such a compromise of skillful performance due to psychophysiological distress. Here, we addressed this issue through a set of behavioral experiments. After artificially delaying the timing of tone production while playing the piano, the local tempo was abnormally disrupted only under pressure. The results suggest that psychological stress degraded the temporal stability of movement control due to an abnormal increase in feedback gain. A learning experiment further demonstrated that the temporal instability of auditory-motor control under pressure was alleviated after practicing piano while ignoring delayed auditory feedback but not after practicing while compensating for the delayed feedback. Together, these findings suggest an abnormal transition from feedforward to feedback control in expert piano performance with psychological stress, which can be mitigated through specialized sensorimotor training that involves piano practice while volitionally ignoring the artificially delayed provision of auditory feedback.

| S-EPMC8677784 | biostudies-literature

Left Ventricular Assist Device Performance Under Pressure: Troubleshooting Outflow Graft Dysfunction.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC8178814 | biostudies-literature

Human performance in three-hands tasks.

Project description:The successful completion of complex tasks like hanging a picture or laparoscopic surgery requires coordinated motion of more than two limbs. User-controlled supernumerary robotic limbs (SL) have been proposed to bypass the need for coordination with a partner in such tasks. However, neither the capability to control multiple limbs alone relative to collaborative control with partners, nor how that capability varies across different tasks, is well understood. In this work, we present an investigation of tasks requiring three-hands where the foot was used as an additional source of motor commands. We considered: (1) how does simultaneous control of three hands compare to a cooperating dyad; (2) how this relative performance was altered by the existence of constraints emanating from real or virtual physical connections (mechanical constraints) or from cognitive limits (cognitive constraints). It was found that a cooperating dyad outperformed a single user in all scenarios in terms of task score, path efficiency and motion smoothness. However, while the participants were able to reach more targets with increasing mechanical constraints/decreasing number of simultaneous goals, the relative difference in performance between a dyad and a participant performing trimanual activities decreased, suggesting further potential for SLs in this class of scenario.

| S-EPMC8096970 | biostudies-literature

Does complexity matter? Meta-analysis of learner performance in artificial grammar tasks.

Project description:Complexity has been shown to affect performance on artificial grammar learning (AGL) tasks (categorization of test items as grammatical/ungrammatical according to the implicitly trained grammar rules). However, previously published AGL experiments did not utilize consistent measures to investigate the comprehensive effect of grammar complexity on task performance. The present study focused on computerizing Bollt and Jones's (2000) technique of calculating topological entropy (TE), a quantitative measure of AGL charts' complexity, with the aim of examining associations between grammar systems' TE and learners' AGL task performance. We surveyed the literature and identified 56 previous AGL experiments based on 10 different grammars that met the sampling criteria. Using the automated matrix-lift-action method, we assigned a TE value for each of these 10 previously used AGL systems and examined its correlation with learners' task performance. The meta-regression analysis showed a significant correlation, demonstrating that the complexity effect transcended the different settings and conditions in which the categorization task was performed. The results reinforced the importance of using this new automated tool to uniformly measure grammar systems' complexity when experimenting with and evaluating the findings of AGL studies.

| S-EPMC4174743 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data