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Proportion of Glaucoma among Voluntary People Coming for Glaucoma Screening Program at Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology, Jimma, Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT: Background:Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Glaucoma screening has been controversial, and much of the controversy has centered on the value of mass or community screening. Methods:The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of glaucoma among volunteer adults who were screened in Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 459 volunteer residents of Jimma town and surrounding areas. The study subjects were aged 40 years and above, who came for community screening program after media announcement during the four consecutive weekends of November 2014. Comprehensive eye examination was done including best corrected visual acuity, intra-ocular pressure measurement, stereoscopic optic nerve evaluation, angle structure evaluation and visual field testing. Three diagnostic criteria for glaucoma were employed for all cases. Results:Of all adults who came for screening, 47(10.24%) were diagnosed to have glaucoma, 59(12.85%) were glaucoma suspects, and 8(1.74%) had ocular hypertension. The proportion of glaucoma increased with increasing age, (P value= 0.001 (99%CI)). Primary open angle glaucoma was the most common form (42.55%) of all new cases while 4.4% of all screened adults were followed by normal tension glaucoma (29.79%), pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (19.15%), and primary angle closure glaucoma (6.38%) Around 5.7% of all glaucoma cases were found to be blind. Conclusion:The proportion of glaucoma in this community screening program in Southwest Ethiopia was 10.24% with primary open angle glaucoma being the commonest subtype. Glaucoma community screening should be promoted for early diagnosis and intervention to prevent irreversible blindness.

SUBMITTER: Daba KT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7036452 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Proportion of Glaucoma among Voluntary People Coming for Glaucoma Screening Program at Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology, Jimma, Ethiopia.

Daba Kumale Tolesa KT Gessesse Girum W GW Sori Sisay Bekele SB

Ethiopian journal of health sciences 20200101 1

<h4>Background</h4>Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Glaucoma screening has been controversial, and much of the controversy has centered on the value of mass or community screening.<h4>Methods</h4>The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of glaucoma among volunteer adults who were screened in Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 459 volunteer residents of Jimma town and surrounding areas. The study subje ...[more]

PMID: 32116428

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Project description:Adherence to antihypertensive medications is a key component to control blood pressure levels. Poor adherence to these medications leads to the development of hypertensive complications and increase risk of cardiovascular events which in turn reduces the ultimate clinical outcome. The purpose of this study was to assess antihypertensive medication adherence and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients. A hospital-based cross-sectional study among adult hypertensive patients was conducted at hypertensive follow-up clinic of Jimma University Specialized Hospital from March 4, 2015 to April 3, 2015. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants from the study population. The study patients were interviewed and their medical charts were reviewed using a pretested structured questionnaire. Adherence was assessed using Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) and MMAS-8 score less than 6 was considered as non-adherent and MMAS-8 score was ? 6 was declared as adherence. Factors associated with adherence were identified using binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Crude odds ratio, adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval of the odds ratio were calculated using SPSS version 21. Variables with p-value less than 0.05 were assumed as statistically significant factors.Among 280 hypertensive patients, 61.8% of the study participants were found to be adherent. More than half (53.2%) of the participants were males and the mean age of the participants was 55.0 ± 12.7 years. Co-morbidity (AOR = 0.083, 95% CI = 0.033-0.207, p < 0.001), alcohol intake (AOR = 0.011, 95% CI = 0.002-0.079, p < 0.001), getting medications freely (AOR = 0.020, 95% CI = 0.003-0.117, p < 0.001), and combination of antihypertensive medications (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.144-0.712, p < 0.005) were inversely associated with antihypertensive medication adherence.The adherence level to the prescribed antihypertensive medications was found to be sub-optimal according to the MMAS-8, and influenced by co morbidity, alcohol intake, self-purchasing of the medications and combination of antihypertensive medications.

Project description:BackgroundThe characteristics and incidence of adverse drug events (ADEs) among pediatric cancer patients in developing countries have not been well characterized. ADEs & medication errors associated with cancer chemotherapy in children need to be analyzed on their incidence and severity. The purpose of this study was hence, to assess the incidence of adverse drug events and contributing factors among pediatric cancer patients at Jimma university medical center, Jimma, Ethiopia.MethodA prospective observational method was used to study adverse drug events in pediatrics admitted to the pediatric oncology unit of Jimma University medical center between October and December 2020. The ADEs were identified using multifaceted approaches involving daily chart review, interviews of Parents/caregivers (and/or children themselves), attendance at ward rounds, and voluntary staff reports. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess the predictors of the identified ADEs. Those factors that showed association at p-value < 0.25 in the univariate analysis were added to the backward multivariate logistic regression model and the significant association was checked at p-value < 0.05.ResultA total of 73 (46 male and 27 female) patients were included in the study. A total of 466 ADEs were identified with an incidence of 638.36 ADEs per 100 patients, 38.35 ADEs per 100 patient days, and 2.34 ADEs per chemotherapy cycle. The most common ADEs were hematologic toxicities (anemia 55(11.8%), neutropenia 52(11.16%) & thrombocytopenia 31(6.65%)), and gastrointestinal effects (nausea 46(9.87%), vomiting 46(9.87%), anorexia 41(8.8%). Out of 466 ADEs, 150 (32.19%) were classified as common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) as Grade 1, 199 (42.70%) as Grade 2, 64(13.73%) as Grade 3, 48(10.30%) as grade 4 and 5(1.07%) as Grade 5. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is the most common comorbidity present, 20(27.40%) followed by pneumonia, 4(5.50%). Presence of comorbidity (AOR 12.700, CI 1.978-81.549), cancer type (AOR 13.332, CI 3.288-54.059), use of 4 or more chemotherapy drugs (AOR 6.179, CI 1.894-20.165) and length of hospital stay more than 8 days (AOR 5.367, CI 1.167-24.684) were associated with the risk of developing grades 3 and 4 ADEs.ConclusionAdverse drug events were common in the pediatric oncology ward of JUMC. In particular, children with multiple chemotherapy drugs and those with the comorbid condition were at greater risk for adverse drug events.

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Dataset Information

Proportion of Glaucoma among Voluntary People Coming for Glaucoma Screening Program at Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology, Jimma, Ethiopia.

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Proportion of Glaucoma among Voluntary People Coming for Glaucoma Screening Program at Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology, Jimma, Ethiopia.

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