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Adipose Tissue and Brain Metabolic Responses to Western Diet-Is There a Similarity between the Two?

ABSTRACT: Dietary fats and sugars were identified as risk factors for overweight and neurodegeneration, especially in middle-age, an earlier stage of the aging process. Therefore, our aim was to study the metabolic response of both white adipose tissue and brain in middle aged rats fed a typical Western diet (high in saturated fats and fructose, HFF) and verify whether a similarity exists between the two tissues. Specific cyto/adipokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?), adiponectin), critical obesity-inflammatory markers (haptoglobin, lipocalin), and insulin signaling or survival protein network (insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS), Akt, Erk) were quantified in epididymal white adipose tissue (e-WAT), hippocampus, and frontal cortex. We found a significant increase of TNF-? in both e-WAT and hippocampus of HFF rats, while the expression of haptoglobin and lipocalin was differently affected in the various tissues. Interestingly, adiponectin amount was found significantly reduced in e-WAT, hippocampus, and frontal cortex of HFF rats. Insulin signaling was impaired by HFF diet in e-WAT but not in brain. The above changes were associated with the decrease in brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and synaptotagmin I and the increase in post-synaptic protein PSD-95 in HFF rats. Overall, our investigation supports for the first time similarities in the response of adipose tissue and brain to Western diet.

SUBMITTER: Mazzoli A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7036881 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adipose Tissue and Brain Metabolic Responses to Western Diet-Is There a Similarity between the Two?

Mazzoli Arianna A Spagnuolo Maria Stefania MS Gatto Cristina C Nazzaro Martina M Cancelliere Rosa R Crescenzo Raffaella R Iossa Susanna S Cigliano Luisa L

International journal of molecular sciences 20200125 3

Dietary fats and sugars were identified as risk factors for overweight and neurodegeneration, especially in middle-age, an earlier stage of the aging process. Therefore, our aim was to study the metabolic response of both white adipose tissue and brain in middle aged rats fed a typical Western diet (high in saturated fats and fructose, HFF) and verify whether a similarity exists between the two tissues. Specific cyto/adipokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), adiponectin), critical obesity ...[more]

PMID: 31991770

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Adipose Tissue and Brain Metabolic Responses to Western Diet-Is There a Similarity between the Two?

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Adipose Tissue and Brain Metabolic Responses to Western Diet-Is There a Similarity between the Two?

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