PERK-Mediated eIF2? Phosphorylation Contributes to The Protection of Dopaminergic Neurons from Chronic Heat Stress in Drosophila.

ABSTRACT: Environmental high-temperature heat exposure is linked to physiological stress such as disturbed protein homeostasis caused by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Abnormal proteostasis in neuronal cells is a common pathological factor of Parkinson's disease (PD). Chronic heat stress is thought to induce neuronal cell death during the onset and progression of PD, but the exact role and mechanism of ER stress and the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) remains unclear. Here, we showed that chronic heat exposure induces ER stress mediated by the PKR-like eukaryotic initiation factor 2? kinase (PERK)/eIF2? phosphorylation signaling pathway in Drosophila neurons. Chronic heat-induced eIF2? phosphorylation was regulated by PERK activation and required for neuroprotection from chronic heat stress. Moreover, the attenuated protein synthesis by eIF2? phosphorylation was a critical factor for neuronal cell survival during chronic heat stress. We further showed that genetic downregulation of PERK, specifically in dopaminergic (DA) neurons, impaired motor activity and led to DA neuron loss. Therefore, our findings provide in vivo evidence demonstrating that chronic heat exposure may be a critical risk factor in the onset of PD, and eIF2? phosphorylation mediated by PERK may contribute to the protection of DA neurons against chronic heat stress in Drosophila.

SUBMITTER: Elvira R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7037073 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature