Metabolic characteristics of Africans with normal glucose tolerance and elevated 1-hour glucose: insight from the Africans in America study.
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ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION:Risk of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, diabetes and cardiac death is increased in Asians and Europeans with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 1-hour glucose ?8.6?mmol/L. As African descent populations often have insulin resistance but a normal lipid profile, the implications for Africans with NGT and glucose ?8.6?mmol/L (NGT-1-hour-high) are unknown. OBJECTIVE:We performed oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) in 434 African born-blacks living in Washington, DC (male: 66%, age 38±10 years (mean±SD)) and determined in the NGT group if either glucometabolic or lipid profiles varied according to a 1-hour-glucose threshold of 8.6?mmol/L. METHODS:Glucose tolerance category was defined by OGTT criteria. NGT was subdivided into NGT-1-hour-high (glucose ?8.6?mmol/L) and NGT-1-hour-normal (glucose <8.6?mmol/L). Second OGTT were performed in 27% (119/434) of participants 10±7 days after the first. Matsuda Index and Oral Disposition Index measured insulin resistance and beta-cell function, respectively. Lipid profiles were obtained. Comparisons were by one-way analysis of variance with Bonferonni corrections for multiple comparisons. Duplicate tests were assessed by ?-statistic. RESULTS:One-hour-glucose ?8.6?mmol/L occurred in 17% (47/272) with NGT, 72% (97/134) with pre-diabetes and in 96% (27/28) with diabetes. Both insulin resistance and beta-cell function were worse in NGT-1-hour-high than in NGT-1-hour-normal. Dyslipidemia occurred in both the diabetes and pre-diabetes groups but not in either NGT group. One-hour glucose concentration ?8.6?mmol/L showed substantial agreement for the two OGTTs (?=0.628). CONCLUSIONS:Although dyslipidemia did not occur in either NGT group, insulin resistance and beta-cell compromise were worse in NGT-1 hour-high. Subdividing the NGT group at a 1-hour glucose threshold of 8.6?mmol/L may stratify risk for diabetes in Africans.
SUBMITTER: Briker SM
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7039615 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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