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Mindfulness affects stress, ghrelin, and BMI of obese children: a clinical trial.

ABSTRACT: Childhood obesity is associated with stress. However, most treatment strategies include only dietary and physical activity approaches. Mindfulness may assist in weight reduction, but its effectiveness is unclear. We assessed the effect of mindfulness on stress, appetite regulators, and weight of children with obesity and anxiety. A clinical study was conducted in a pediatric hospital. Eligible children were 10-14 years old, BMI ?95th percentile, Spence anxiety score ?55, and who were not taking any medication or supplementation. Participants were assigned to receive an 8-week conventional nutritional intervention (CNI) or an 8-week mindfulness-based intervention plus CNI (MND-CNI). Anthropometry, body composition, leptin, insulin, ghrelin, cortisol, and Spence scores were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Anthropometry was analyzed again 8 weeks after concluding interventions. Log-transformed and delta values were calculated for analysis. Thirty-three MND-CNI and 12 CNI children finished interventions; 17 MND-CNI children accomplished 16 weeks. At the end of the intervention, significant reductions in anxiety score (-6.21 ± 1.10), BMI (-0.45 ± 1.2 kg/m2), body fat (-1.28 ± 0.25%), ghrelin (-0.71 ± 0.37 pg/mL), and serum cortisol (-1.42 ± 0.94 µg/dL) were observed in MND-CNI children. Changes in anxiety score, ghrelin, and cortisol were different between groups (P < 0.05). Children who completed 16 weeks decreased BMI after intervention (-0.944 ± 0.20 kg/m2, P < 0.001) and remained lower 8 weeks later (-0.706 ± 0.19 kg/m2, P = 0.001). We concluded that mindfulness is a promising tool as an adjunctive therapy for childhood obesity. However, our findings need confirmation in a larger sample population.

SUBMITTER: Lopez-Alarcon M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7040861 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mindfulness affects stress, ghrelin, and BMI of obese children: a clinical trial.

López-Alarcón Mardia M Zurita-Cruz Jessie N JN Torres-Rodríguez Alonso A Bedia-Mejía Karla K Pérez-Güemez Manuel M Jaramillo-Villanueva Leonel L Rendón-Macías Mario E ME Fernández Jose R JR Martínez-Maroñas Patricia P

Endocrine connections 20200201 2

Childhood obesity is associated with stress. However, most treatment strategies include only dietary and physical activity approaches. Mindfulness may assist in weight reduction, but its effectiveness is unclear. We assessed the effect of mindfulness on stress, appetite regulators, and weight of children with obesity and anxiety. A clinical study was conducted in a pediatric hospital. Eligible children were 10-14 years old, BMI ≥95th percentile, Spence anxiety score ≥55, and who were not taking ...[more]

PMID: 32045358

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Project description:ImportanceAmong surgical trainees, burnout and distress are prevalent, but mindfulness has been shown to decrease the risk of depression, suicidal ideation, burnout, and overwhelming stress. In other high-stress populations, formal mindfulness training has been shown to improve mental health, yet this approach has not been tried in surgery.ObjectiveTo test the feasibility and acceptability of modified Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) training during surgical residency.Design, setting, and participantsA pilot randomized clinical trial of modified MBSR vs an active control was conducted with 21 surgical interns in a residency training program at a tertiary academic medical center, from April 30, 2016, to December 2017.InterventionsWeekly 2-hour, modified MBSR classes and 20 minutes of suggested daily home practice over an 8-week period.Main outcomes and measuresFeasibility was assessed along 6 domains (demand, implementation, practicality, acceptability, adaptation, and integration), using focus groups, interviews, surveys, attendance, daily practice time, and subjective self-report of experience.ResultsOf the 21 residents included in the analysis, 13 were men (62%). Mean (SD [range]) age of the intervention group was 29.0 (2.4 [24-31]) years, and the mean (SD [range]) age of the control group was 27.4 (2.1 [27-33]) years. Formal stress-resilience training was feasible through cultivation of stakeholder support. Modified MBSR was acceptable as evidenced by no attrition; high attendance (12 of 96 absences [13%] in the intervention group and 11 of 72 absences [15%] in the control group); no significant difference in days per week practiced between groups; similar mean (SD) daily practice time between groups with significant differences only in week 1 (control, 28.15 [12.55] minutes; intervention, 15.47 [4.06] minutes; P = .02), week 2 (control, 23.89 [12.93] minutes; intervention, 12.61 [6.06] minutes; P = .03), and week 4 (control, 26.26 [13.12] minutes; intervention, 15.36 [6.13] minutes; P = .04); course satisfaction (based on interviews and focus group feedback); and posttraining-perceived credibility (control, 18.00 [4.24]; intervention, 20.00 [6.55]; P = .03). Mindfulness skills were integrated into personal and professional settings and the independent practice of mindfulness skills continued over 12 months of follow-up (mean days [SD] per week formal practice, 3 [1.0]).Conclusions and relevanceFormal MBSR training is feasible and acceptable to surgical interns at a tertiary academic center. Interns found the concepts and skills useful both personally and professionally and participation had no detrimental effect on their surgical training or patient care.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03141190.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Burnout is highly prevalent in residents. No randomized controlled trials have been conducted measuring the effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on burnout in residents. OBJECTIVE:To determine the effectiveness of MBSR in reducing burnout in residents. DESIGN:A randomized controlled trial comparing MBSR with a waitlist control group. PARTICIPANTS:Residents from all medical, surgical and primary care disciplines were eligible to participate. Participants were self-referred. INTERVENTION:The MBSR consisted of eight weekly 2.5-h sessions and one 6-h silent day. MAIN MEASURES:The primary outcome was the emotional exhaustion subscale of the Dutch version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey. Secondary outcomes included the depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment subscales of burnout, worry, work-home interference, mindfulness skills, self-compassion, positive mental health, empathy and medical errors. Assessment took place at baseline and post-intervention approximately 3 months later. KEY RESULTS:Of the 148 residents participating, 138 (93%) completed the post-intervention assessment. No significant difference in emotional exhaustion was found between the two groups. However, the MBSR group reported significantly greater improvements than the control group in personal accomplishment (p = 0.028, d = 0.24), worry (p = 0.036, d = 0.23), mindfulness skills (p = 0.010, d = 0.33), self-compassion (p = 0.010, d = 0.35) and perspective-taking (empathy) (p = 0.025, d = 0.33). No effects were found for the other measures. Exploratory moderation analysis showed that the intervention outcome was moderated by baseline severity of emotional exhaustion; those with greater emotional exhaustion did seem to benefit. CONCLUSIONS:The results of our primary outcome analysis did not support the effectiveness of MBSR for reducing emotional exhaustion in residents. However, residents with high baseline levels of emotional exhaustion did appear to benefit from MBSR. Furthermore, they demonstrated modest improvements in personal accomplishment, worry, mindfulness skills, self-compassion and perspective-taking. More research is needed to confirm these results.

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Mindfulness affects stress, ghrelin, and BMI of obese children: a clinical trial.

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Mindfulness affects stress, ghrelin, and BMI of obese children: a clinical trial.

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