Dataset Information

Maternal Birth Weight and BMI Mediate the Transgenerational Effect of Grandmaternal BMI on Grandchild's Birth Weight.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:The aims of this study are to examine the potential association between grandmaternal BMI and grandchild's birth weight (BW) and whether maternal BW and BMI mediate this association. METHODS:Data of 209 grandmother-mother pairs and 355 grandchildren from the Isle of Wight birth cohort in the UK were analyzed using path analysis. RESULTS:An indirect effect of grandmaternal BMI on increasing grandchild's BW was mediated by maternal BW and BMI at age 18 years (indirect effects: ??=?2.3?g/unit increase in grandmaternal BMI via maternal BW and ??=?4.4 g via maternal BMI; P?=?0.04). These two mediating effects of maternal BW and BMI confounded one another. Grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy had an indirect effect on decreasing grandchild's BW, dependent on maternal smoking during pregnancy and BW (indirect effects: ??=?-36.1 g compared with nonsmoking grandmothers via maternal smoking during pregnancy and ??=?-27.2 g via maternal BW; P?=?0.005). Neither direct effect between grandmaternal BMI and grandchild's BW nor that between grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy and grandchild's BW was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS:Larger grandmaternal BMI indirectly increased grandchild's BW via maternal BW and BMI. Grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy indirectly reduced grandchild's BW via maternal smoking during pregnancy and BW.

SUBMITTER: Shen Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7042056 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Maternal Birth Weight and BMI Mediate the Transgenerational Effect of Grandmaternal BMI on Grandchild's Birth Weight.

Shen Yan Y Zhang Hongmei H Jiang Yu Y Mzayek Fawaz F Arshad Hasan H Karmaus Wilfried W

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20200203 3

<h4>Objective</h4>The aims of this study are to examine the potential association between grandmaternal BMI and grandchild's birth weight (BW) and whether maternal BW and BMI mediate this association.<h4>Methods</h4>Data of 209 grandmother-mother pairs and 355 grandchildren from the Isle of Wight birth cohort in the UK were analyzed using path analysis.<h4>Results</h4>An indirect effect of grandmaternal BMI on increasing grandchild's BW was mediated by maternal BW and BMI at age 18 years (indire ...[more]

PMID: 32012478

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Project description:Introduction: Maternal nutrition during pregnancy is linked with birth outcomes including fetal growth, birth weight, congenital anomalies and long-term health through intra-uterine programming. However, a woman's nutritional status before pregnancy is a strong determinant in early embryo-placental development, and subsequently outcomes for both mother and child. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary macronutrient intake in the preconception period with birth weight.Methods: We studied a group of 1698 women from the Dutch Perined-Lifelines linked birth cohort with reliable detailed information on preconception dietary macronutrient intake (using a semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire) and data available on birth weight of the offspring. Birth weight was converted into gestational age adjusted z-scores, and macronutrient intake was adjusted for total energy intake using the nutrient residual method. Preconception BMI was converted into cohort-based quintiles. Multivariable linear regression was performed, adjusted for other macronutrients and covariates.Results: Mean maternal age was 29.5 years (SD 3.9), preconception BMI: 24.7 kg/m2 (SD 4.2) and median daily energy intake was 1812 kcal (IQR 1544-2140). Mean birth weight was 3578 grams (SD 472). When adjusted for covariates, a significant association (adjusted z score [95% CI], P) between polysaccharides and birth weight was shown (0.08 [0.01-0.15], 0.03). When linear regression analyses were performed within cohort-based quintiles of maternal BMI, positive significant associations between total protein, animal protein, fat, total carbohydrates, mono-disaccharides and polysaccharides with birth weight were shown in the lowest quintile of BMI independent of energy intake, intake of other macronutrients and covariates.Conclusion: Out of all macronutrients studied, polysaccharides showed the strongest association with birth weight, independent of energy intake and other covariates. Our study might suggest that specifically in women with low preconception BMI a larger amount of macronutrient intake was associated with increased birth weight. We recommend that any dietary assessment and advise during preconception should be customized to preconception weight status of the women.

Project description:BackgroundMother-to-newborn transmission of obesity-associated microbiota may be modified by birth mode (vaginal vs. Cesarean delivery). Prospective data to test this hypothesis are still sparse.ObjectiveTo examine prospective associations of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain with the infant gut microbiome by birth-mode strata.Subjects/methodsIn 335 mother-infant pairs in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort, we ascertained data from questionnaires and medical records, and generated microbiome data from 6-week-old infants' stool using Illumina 16s rRNA gene sequencing (V4-V5 region). Analyses were stratified by birth mode and conducted before and after adjusting for potential confounders, which included maternal age, education, parity, and Mediterranean diet score.ResultsAmong 335 mothers, 56% had normal pre-pregnancy BMI ( < 25, referent), 27% were overweight (BMI 25-30), and 18% obese (BMI > 30). Among the 312 mothers with weight gain data, 10% had inadequate weight gain, 30% adequate (referent), and 60% excess. Birth mode modified associations of pre-pregnancy BMI with several genera, including the most abundant genus, Bacteroides (P for interaction = 0.05). In the vaginal-delivery group, maternal overweight or obesity was associated with higher infant gut microbiome diversity and higher relative abundance of 15 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), including overrepresentation of Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli, Veillonella dispar, and OTUs in the genera Staphylococcus and Enterococcus. In the Cesarean-delivered group, there were no significant associations of pre-pregnancy BMI with infant microbiome (alpha) diversity or OTUs. Gestational weight gain was not associated with differential relative abundance of infant gut microbial OTUs or with measures of microbial diversity in infants delivered vaginally or by Cesarean section.ConclusionsAmong vaginally-delivered infants, maternal overweight and obesity was associated with altered infant gut microbiome composition and higher diversity. These associations were not observed in Cesarean-delivered infants, whose microbiome development differs from vaginally-delivered infants. Our study provides additional evidence of birth-mode dependent associations of maternal body weight status with the infant gut microbiota. The role of these associations in mediating the intergenerational cycle of obesity warrants further examination.

Dataset Information

Maternal Birth Weight and BMI Mediate the Transgenerational Effect of Grandmaternal BMI on Grandchild's Birth Weight.

Publications

Maternal Birth Weight and BMI Mediate the Transgenerational Effect of Grandmaternal BMI on Grandchild's Birth Weight.

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