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Natural Products and Their Bioactive Compounds: Neuroprotective Potentials against Neurodegenerative Diseases.

ABSTRACT: In recent years, natural products, which originate from plants, animals, and fungi, together with their bioactive compounds have been intensively explored and studied for their therapeutic potentials for various diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes, hypertension, reproductive, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are characterized by the progressive dysfunction and loss of neuronal structure and function that resulted in the neuronal cell death. Since the multifactorial pathological mechanisms are associated with neurodegeneration, targeting multiple mechanisms of actions and neuroprotection approach, which involves preventing cell death and restoring the function to damaged neurons, could be promising strategies for the prevention and therapeutic of neurodegenerative diseases. Natural products have emerged as potential neuroprotective agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This review focused on the therapeutic potential of natural products and their bioactive compounds to exert a neuroprotective effect on the pathologies of neurodegenerative diseases.

SUBMITTER: Mohd Sairazi NS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7042511 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Natural Products and Their Bioactive Compounds: Neuroprotective Potentials against Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Mohd Sairazi Nur Shafika NS Sirajudeen K N S KNS

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 20200214

In recent years, natural products, which originate from plants, animals, and fungi, together with their bioactive compounds have been intensively explored and studied for their therapeutic potentials for various diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes, hypertension, reproductive, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are characterized by the progressive dysf ...[more]

PMID: 32148547

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Project description:It has been proposed that endogenously formed N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) are partly responsible for the link between red meat consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. As nitrite has been indicated as one of the critical factors in the formation of endogenous NOCs, it is of high importance to replace or reduce the nitrite levels in meat. Therefore, the PHYTOME project was initiated (Phytochemicals to reduce nitrite in meat products; www.phytome.eu), an EU funded research project aiming to develop innovative meat products in which the food additive sodium nitrite (E251) has been replaced by natural compounds originating from fruits and vegetables. A human dietary intervention study was conducted in which healthy subjects consumed 300 grams of meat for two weeks, in subsequent order: normal processed red meat, white meat, and red processed meat with standard or reduced levels of nitrite and added phytochemicals. Consumption of standard-nitrite PHYTOME meat products leads to a significant reduction in Apparent Total N-nitroso Compounds (ATNC) levels in faecal water, a surrogate marker of endogenously formed NOCs, as compared to the consumption of conventional processed red meat products. A reduction of nitrite in the PHYTOME meat lowered these levels even further. In addition, DNA strand breaks induced in ex-vivo faecal water exposed Caco-2 cells and O6-methyl-guanine adducts levels in colonic DNA were significantly higher after consumption of normal processed red meat as compared to white meat intake. PHYTOME meat intake resulted in reduced levels of these genotoxic markers, however, these were not statistically significant. Whole genome gene expression analyses in colonic tissue identified differentially expressed genes and genes associated with ATNC, which are related to molecular pathways which may explain cancer risk initiation after intake of processed red meat and cancer risk prevention after intake of the PHYTOME meat. Together these results indicate that addition of natural extracts to conventional processed red meat products results in reduced endogenous formation of NOCs, and may therefore contribute to a reduced risk of CRC, which is mechanistically supported by gene expression analyses.

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Natural Products and Their Bioactive Compounds: Neuroprotective Potentials against Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Publications

Natural Products and Their Bioactive Compounds: Neuroprotective Potentials against Neurodegenerative Diseases.

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