Dataset Information

Concept of a Radiofrequency Device for Osteopenia/Osteoporosis Screening.

ABSTRACT: Osteoporosis represents a major health problem, resulting in substantial increases in health care costs. There is an unmet need for a cost-effective technique that can measure bone properties without the use of ionizing radiation. The present study reports design, construction, and testing of a safe, and easy to use radiofrequency device to detect osteoporotic bone conditions. The device uses novel on-body antennas contacting the human wrist under an applied, operator-controlled pressure. For the dichotomous diagnostic test, we selected 60 study participants (23-94 years old, 48 female, 12 male) who could be positively differentiated between healthy and osteopenic/osteoporotic states. The band-limited integral of the transmission coefficient averaged for both wrists, multiplied by age, and divided by BMI has been used as an index. For a 100?MHz frequency band centered about 890-920?MHz, the maximum Youden's J index is 81.5%. Both the sensitivity and specificity simultaneously reach 87% given the calibration device threshold tolerance of ±3%. Our approach correlates well with the available DXA measurements and has the potential for screening patients at risk for fragility fractures, given the ease of implementation and low costs associated with both the technique and the equipment. The inclusion of radiofrequency transmission data does add supplementary useful information to the available clinical risk factors.

SUBMITTER: Makarov SN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7044313 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Concept of a Radiofrequency Device for Osteopenia/Osteoporosis Screening.

Makarov Sergey N SN Noetscher Gregory M GM Arum Seth S Rabiner Robert R Nazarian Ara A

Scientific reports 20200226 1

Osteoporosis represents a major health problem, resulting in substantial increases in health care costs. There is an unmet need for a cost-effective technique that can measure bone properties without the use of ionizing radiation. The present study reports design, construction, and testing of a safe, and easy to use radiofrequency device to detect osteoporotic bone conditions. The device uses novel on-body antennas contacting the human wrist under an applied, operator-controlled pressure. For th ...[more]

PMID: 32103042

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Project description:Abstract Background Psoriasis (Ps) is a multisystem inflammatory disease associated with several comorbidities; however, its effect on bone health remains uncertain. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the risks of osteopenia (OPe) and osteoporosis (OP) in psoriasis. Methods A systematic search was performed for published studies evaluating cutaneous Ps and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) compared with healthy control groups utilizing a validated bone mineral density (BMD) assessment score. Meta‐analysis was performed using a random‐effects model; pooled estimates and their confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. For analysis, Ps and PsA groups were combined due to the small number of studies. Results Twenty‐one studies were included for final analysis; three Ps only, 15 PsA and three both. There was a significant difference between psoriatic disease (combination Ps and PsA group) compared with controls relating to an association with OP/OPe, with an overall odds ratio (OR) of 1.71 (95% CI 1.07–2.74: p‐value = 0.026). The Ps group had significantly lower BMD than the control group at both the lumbar spine and femoral neck (mean difference −0.04; 95% CI −0.090 to 0.002 and −0.03; 95% CI −0.059 to 0.003 respectively). Conclusion Putative risks of OPe and OP in both Ps and PsA are supported but not confirmed. Significant heterogeneity of reported data limits definitive conclusions in this meta‐analysis. This review contributes to the further understanding of Ps as a multisystem disease and future management of potential comorbidities, but highlights key gaps in the literature. Further studies addressing standardised OP reporting, specific disease group characteristics comparing Ps with PsA, patient characteristics and medication use, are required in order to make more certain conclusions with greater clinical impact. This systematic review evaluates the risks of osteopenia and osteoporosis in psoriasis. We exclusively included studies with healthy control comparison groups and which used outcomes of validated bone quality assessment measures. Meta‐analysis was performed using a random‐effects model and pooled estimates and confidence intervals calculated. This review contributes to the further understanding of Ps as a multisystem disease and future management of potential comorbidities, but highlights key gaps in the literature. Further studies addressing standardized OP reporting, specific disease group characteristics comparing Ps with PsA, patient characteristics and medication use, are required in order to make more certain conclusions with greater clinical impact.

Project description:Bone mass reduction due to an imbalance in osteogenesis and osteolysis is characterized by low bone mineral density (LBMD) and is clinically classified as osteopenia (ON) or osteoporosis (OP), which is more severe. Multiple biomarkers for diagnosing OP and its progression have been reported; however, most of these lack specificity. This cohort study aimed to investigate sensitive and specific LBMD-associated protein biomarkers in patients diagnosed with ON and OP. A label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) proteomics approach was used to analyze serum samples. Patients' proteomics profiles were filtered for potential confounding effects, such as age, sex, chronic diseases, and medication. A distinctive proteomics profile between the control, ON, and OP groups (Q2 = 0.7295, R2 = 0.9180) was identified, and significant dysregulation in a panel of proteins (n = 20) was common among the three groups. A comparison of these proteins showed that the levels of eight proteins were upregulated in ON, compared to those in the control and the OP groups, while the levels of eleven proteins were downregulated in the ON group compared to those in the control group. Interestingly, only one protein, myosin heavy chain 14 (MYH14), showed a linear increase from the control to the ON group, with the highest abundance in the OP group. A significant separation in the proteomics profile between the ON and OP groups (Q2 = 0.8760, R2 = 0.991) was also noted. Furthermore, a total of twenty-six proteins were found to be dysregulated between the ON and the OP groups, with fourteen upregulated and twelve downregulated proteins in the OP, compared to that in the ON group. Most of the identified dysregulated proteins were immunoglobulins, complement proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, coagulation factors, and various enzymes. Of these identified proteins, the highest area under the curve (AUC) in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was related to three proteins (immunoglobulin Lambda constant 1 (IGLC1), RNA binding protein (MEX3B), and fibulin 1 (FBLN1)). Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), LC-MS, was used to validate some of the identified proteins. A network pathway analysis of the differentially abundant proteins demonstrated dysregulation of inflammatory signaling pathways in the LBMD patients, including the tumor necrosis factor (TNF), toll-like receptor (TL4), and interferon-γ (IFNG) signaling pathways. These results reveal the existence of potentially sensitive protein biomarkers that could be used in further investigations of bone health and OP progression.

Project description:OBJECTIVE:For the purpose of providing evidence for the treatment of osteoporosis and osteopenia, this study retrospectively identified succinylation-modified sites and proteins in postmenopausal women, and bioinformatics analysis were performed. METHODS:From January 2016 to June 2018, a total of 30 postmenopausal women aged from 55 to 70?years old were assigned to three groups: 10 cases with osteoporosis; 10 cases with osteopenia; and 10 cases with normal bone mass. Subsequently, the serum samples were collected from all cases for succinyl-proteome. Measures comprised label-free quantitative analysis, succinylation enrichment techniques, the liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) methods, and bioinformatics. RESULTS:A total of 113 succinylation sites on 35 proteins were identified based on quantitative information. The variation of the different multiple folds were more than 1.2 times as a significant increase for up-regulated and less than 1/1.2 times as a significant decrease for down-regulated. Among the quantified succinylation sites, 66 were up-regulated and 11 down-regulated in the Osteopenia/Normal comparison group, 24 were up-regulated and 44 down-regulated in the Osteoporosis/Osteopenia comparison group, 45 were up-regulated and 32 down-regulated in the Osteoporosis/Normal comparison group. Among the quantified succinylation proteins, 24 were up-regulated and 7 down-regulated in the Osteopenia/Normal comparison group, 15 were up-regulated and 20 down-regulated in the Osteoporosis/Osteopenia comparison group, 20 were up-regulated and 17 down-regulated in the Osteoporosis/Normal comparison group. The percentage of proteins differed in immune response, signaling pathway, proteolysis, lymphocyte, leukocyte, and cell activation. Four differentially expressed proteins (apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein A-II, hemoglobin subunit alpha, and haptoglobin) contained quantitative information; they were mediated with receptors, factors, mechanisms, that related to bone metabolism. Hemoglobin subunit alpha was screened for diagnosis of osteopenia. CONCLUSIONS:The succinyl-proteome experimental data indicated that apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein A-II, hemoglobin subunit alpha, and haptoglobin were valuable for diagnosis and treatment in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and osteopenia.

Dataset Information

Concept of a Radiofrequency Device for Osteopenia/Osteoporosis Screening.

Publications

Concept of a Radiofrequency Device for Osteopenia/Osteoporosis Screening.

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