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Genetics of Acquired Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Proteus spp.

ABSTRACT: Proteus spp. are commensal Enterobacterales of the human digestive tract. At the same time, P. mirabilis is commonly involved in urinary tract infections (UTI). P. mirabilis is naturally resistant to several antibiotics including colistin and shows reduced susceptibility to imipenem. However higher levels of resistance to imipenem commonly occur in P. mirabilis isolates consecutively to the loss of porins, reduced expression of penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) PBP1a, PBP2, or acquisition of several antibiotic resistance genes, including carbapenemase genes. In addition, resistance to non-?-lactams is also frequently reported including molecules used for treating UTI infections (e.g., fluoroquinolones, nitrofurans). Emergence and spread of multidrug resistant P. mirabilis isolates, including those producing ESBLs, AmpC cephalosporinases and carbapenemases, are being more and more frequently reported. This review covers Proteus spp. with a focus on the different genetic mechanisms involved in the acquisition of resistance genes to multiple antibiotic classes turning P. mirabilis into a dreadful pandrug resistant bacteria and resulting in difficult to treat infections.

SUBMITTER: Girlich D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7046756 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetics of Acquired Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Proteus spp.

Girlich Delphine D Bonnin Rémy A RA Dortet Laurent L Naas Thierry T

Frontiers in microbiology 20200221

Proteus spp. are commensal Enterobacterales of the human digestive tract. At the same time, P. mirabilis is commonly involved in urinary tract infections (UTI). P. mirabilis is naturally resistant to several antibiotics including colistin and shows reduced susceptibility to imipenem. However higher levels of resistance to imipenem commonly occur in P. mirabilis isolates consecutively to the loss of porins, reduced expression of penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) PBP1a ...[more]

PMID: 32153540

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Project description:Although numerous studies have investigated diarrhoea aetiology in many sub-Saharan African countries, recent data on Shigella species' involvement in community-acquired acute diarrhoea (CA-AD) in Malawi are scarce. This study investigated the incidence, antibiotic susceptibility profile, genotypic characteristics, and clonal relationships of Shigella flexneri among 243 patients presenting with acute diarrhoea at a District Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi. Shigella spp. were isolated and identified using standard microbiological and serological methods and confirmed by identifying the ipaH gene using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The isolates' antibiotic susceptibility to 20 antibiotics was determined using the VITEK 2 system according to EUCAST guidelines. Genes conferring resistance to sulfamethoxazole (sul1, sul2 and sul3), trimethoprim (dfrA1, dfrA12 and dfrA17) and ampicillin (oxa-1 and oxa-2), and virulence genes (ipaBCD, sat, ial, virA, sen, set1A and set1B) were detected by real-time PCR. Clonal relatedness was assessed using ERIC-PCR. Thirty-four Shigella flexneri isolates were isolated (an overall incidence of 14.0%). All the isolates were fully resistant to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (100%) and ampicillin (100%) but susceptible to the other antibiotics tested. The sul1 (79%), sul2 (79%), sul3 (47%), dfrA12 (71%) and dfrA17 (56%) sulfonamide and trimethoprim resistance genes were identified; Oxa-1, oxa-2 and dfrA1 were not detected. The virulence genes ipaBCD (85%), sat (85%), ial (82%), virA (76%), sen (71%), stx (71%), set1A (26%) and set1B (18%) were detected. ERIC-PCR profiling revealed that the Shigella isolates were genetically distinct and clonally unrelated, indicating the potential involvement of genetically distinct S. flexneri in CA-AD in Malawi. The high percentage resistance to ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and the presence of several virulence determinants in these isolates emphasises a need for continuous molecular surveillance studies to inform preventive measures and management of Shigella-associated diarrhoeal infections in Malawi.

Dataset Information

Genetics of Acquired Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Proteus spp.

Publications

Genetics of Acquired Antibiotic Resistance Genes in <i>Proteus</i> spp.

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