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Diet satisfaction and associated factors among adult surgical orthopaedic inpatients at a teaching hospital in Lusaka province, Zambia; a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT: Background:Poor quality of food services in hospital contributes to low diet satisfaction among inpatients in both developed and developing countries. However, there is paucity of literature on diet satisfaction in health care facilities in the sub-Saharan region and in particular Zambia. Therefore, this study sought to assess levels of diet satisfaction among adult surgical orthopaedic inpatients at a teaching hospital in Lusaka province, Zambia. Methods:A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of three months. Comprehensive sampling was used to select 98 study participants. A researcher-administered questionnaire adapted from a similar study was used to collect data. The instrument used in this study had 9 aspects of satisfaction. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations were used to analyze the data. Chi-square test was used to test for associations between categorical data. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results:In this study, 64.3% of surgical orthopaedic inpatients were not satisfied with overall quality of hospital food. In addition, 76.5, 96.9, 65.3 and 71.4% of the patients were not satisfied with type, variety, appearance and taste of hospital food respectively. However, patients who were satisfied with portion size, temperature and time of meal distribution were 67.3, 94.9 and 56.1% respectively. There was no significant association between variables of age, sex, education level, marital status, monthly income, days in hospital and overall satisfaction (p?>?0.05). Conclusion:Low diet satisfaction is a global problem associated with poor quality of hospital meals. Although the majority of surgical orthopaedic inpatients were not satisfied with more than half of the dimensions of diet satisfaction, they were satisfied with aspects of portion size, temperature and time of meal distribution. Therefore, an assessment of diet satisfaction can inform hospital administrators and policy makers on the deficiencies in hospital diets and thereby help improve quality of meals.

SUBMITTER: Miyoba N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7050853 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diet satisfaction and associated factors among adult surgical orthopaedic inpatients at a teaching hospital in Lusaka province, Zambia; a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Miyoba Nixon N Ogada Irene I

BMC nutrition 20190401

<h4>Background</h4>Poor quality of food services in hospital contributes to low diet satisfaction among inpatients in both developed and developing countries. However, there is paucity of literature on diet satisfaction in health care facilities in the sub-Saharan region and in particular Zambia. Therefore, this study sought to assess levels of diet satisfaction among adult surgical orthopaedic inpatients at a teaching hospital in Lusaka province, Zambia.<h4>Methods</h4>A hospital-based cross-se ...[more]

PMID: 32153938

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Project description:BackgroundSurgical perioperative deaths and major complications are important contributors to preventable morbidity, globally and in sub-Saharan Africa. The surgical safety checklist (SSC) was developed by WHO to reduce surgical deaths and complications, by utilising a team approach and a series of steps to ensure the safe transit of a patient through the surgical operation. This study explored barriers and enablers to the utilisation of the Checklist at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) in Lusaka, Zambia.MethodsA qualitative case study was conducted involving members of surgical teams (doctors, anaesthesia providers, nurses and support staff) from the UTH surgical departments. Purposive sampling was used and 16 in-depth interviews were conducted between December 2018 and March 2019. Data were transcribed, organised and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsAnalysis revealed variability in implementation of the SSC by surgical teams, which stemmed from lack of senior surgeon ownership of the initiative, when the SSC was introduced at UTH 5 years earlier. Low utilisation was also linked to factors such as: negative attitudes towards it, the hierarchical structure of surgical teams, lack of support for the SSC among senior surgeons and poor teamwork. Further determinants included: lack of training opportunities, lack of leadership and erratic availability of resources. Interviewees proposed the following strategies for improving SSC utilisation: periodic training, refresher courses, monitoring of use, local adaptation, mobilising the support of senior surgeons and improvement in functionality of the surgical teams.ConclusionThe SSC has the potential to benefit patients; however, its utilisation at the UTH has been patchy, at best. Its full benefits will only be achieved if senior surgeons are committed and managers allocate resources to its implementation. The study points more broadly to the factors that influence or obstruct the introduction and effective implementation of new quality of care initiatives.

Project description:Background:Nutritional risk and undernutrition are common problems among medical and surgical patients. In hospital, malnutrition is frequently under-diagnosed and untreated thereby contributing to morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of nutritional risk among adult inpatients at a teaching hospital in Zambia. In addition, the study sought to establish factors associated with nutritional risk. Methods:A hospital-based cross-sectional study comprising of 186 consecutive in-patients aged 18-64 years admitted in medical and surgical wards was conducted at a teaching hospital. Out of one hundred and ninety eight (198) patients eligible to participate, complete data were collected from 186, representing a response rate of 93.9%. The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool was used to collect data over a period of six months. Evaluated patients were dichotomized into no risk and nutritional risk. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify variables associated with nutritional risk. Results:The mean age of adult in-patients was 40.72?±?14.4 years. Majority of the patients were male (61.8%), while 38.2% were female. Results indicate that 59.7% of hospitalized patients were at nutritional risk. Vomiting, weakness, appetite decrease, dysphagia and weight loss were significantly associated (p?=?0.019, p?=?0.008, p?<?0.001, p?=?0.007, and p?<?0.001 respectively) with nutritional risk. However, weight loss and appetite decrease were the most significant factors associated with nutritional risk (OR?=?50.16, 95% CI?=?5.75-36.70, p?<?0.001 and OR?=?28.06, 95% CI =1.49-8.12, p?=?<?0.001 respectively). Conclusion:Findings of our study suggest that close to 60% of adult inpatients at the teaching hospital were at nutritional risk. Nutritional risk is an issue of major concern at the teaching hospital and is associated with a number of variables. Identification of nutritional risk using Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool among adult inpatients is feasible in resource-poor settings like ours.

Project description:BackgroundCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a frequent cause of death worldwide, and in sub-Saharan Africa particularly. Human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) influence pathogen distribution in patients with CAP. Previous studies in sub-Saharan Africa have shown different frequencies of respiratory pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility compared to studies outside Africa. This study aimed to investigate the aetiology, presentation, and treatment outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia in adults at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia.Materials and methodsThree-hundred-and-twenty-seven patients were enrolled at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka between March 2018 and December 2018. Clinical characteristics and laboratory data were collected. Sputum samples were tested by microscopy, other TB diagnostics, and bacterial cultures.ResultsThe commonest presenting complaint was cough (96%), followed by chest pain (60.6%), fever (59.3%), and breathlessness (58.4%). The most common finding on auscultation of the lungs was chest crackles (51.7%). Seventy percent of the study participants had complaints lasting at least a week before enrolment. The prevalence of HIV was 71%. Sputum samples were tested for 286 patients. The diagnostic yield was 59%. The most common isolate was Mycobacterium tuberculosis (20%), followed by Candida species (18%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7%). Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated in only four patients. There were no statistically significant differences between the rates of specific pathogens identified in HIV-infected patients compared with the HIV-uninfected. Thirty-day mortality was 30%. Patients with TB had higher 30-day mortality than patients without TB (p = 0.047).ConclusionMycobacterium tuberculosis was the most common cause of CAP isolated in adults at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Gram-negative organisms were frequently isolated. A high mortality rate was observed, as 30% of the followed-up study population had died after 30 days.

Project description:BackgroundPatient satisfaction is associated with increased compliance, improved treatment outcomes, and decreased risk of litigation. Factors such as patient understanding and psychological well-being are recognized influences on satisfaction. Less is known about the relationship between previsit expectations and satisfaction.Questions/purposes(1) Are there correlations among previsit expectations, met expectations, and patient satisfaction? (2) What are the categories of expectations, and which one(s) correlate with satisfaction?MethodsEighty-six new patients presenting to a hand surgery practice of a tertiary referral hospital with 70% direct primary care referrals, mostly with elective concerns, indicated their previsit expectations (Patient Intention Questionnaire [PIQ]). Immediately after the visit, the same patients rated the degree to which their previsit expectations were met (Expectation Met Questionnaire [EMQ]) and their satisfaction level (Medical Interview Satisfaction Scale). These tools have been used in primary care office settings and claim good psychometric properties, and although they have not been strictly validated for responsiveness and other test parameters, they have good face validity. We then conducted a multivariable backward linear regression to determine whether (1) scores on the PIQ; and (2) scores on the EMQ are associated with satisfaction.ResultsSatisfaction correlated with met expectations (r=0.36; p<0.001) but not with previsit expectations (r=-0.01, p=0.94). We identified five primary categories of previsit expectations that accounted for 50% of the variance in PIQ: (1) "Information and Explanation"; (2) "Emotional and Understanding"; (3) "Emotional Problems"; (4) "Diagnostics"; and (5) "Comforting". The only category of met expectations that correlated with satisfaction was Information and Explanation (r=0.43; p<0.001).ConclusionsAmong patients seeing a hand surgeon, met expectations correlate with satisfaction. In particular, patients with met expectations regarding information and explanation were more satisfied with their visit. Efforts to determine the most effective methods for conveying unexpected information warrant investigation.Level of evidenceLevel II, prognostic study.

Dataset Information

Diet satisfaction and associated factors among adult surgical orthopaedic inpatients at a teaching hospital in Lusaka province, Zambia; a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Publications

Diet satisfaction and associated factors among adult surgical orthopaedic inpatients at a teaching hospital in Lusaka province, Zambia; a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

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