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The Identification of Family Social Environment Typologies Using Latent Class Analysis: Implications for Future Family-Focused Research.

ABSTRACT: The family social environment is the first environment that a child experiences and has implications for children's health. However, the majority of family social environment measures do not account for its complexity. There is a need for novel approaches for assessing the family social environment that transcends the traditional way of measuring family composition and interaction. The purpose of this secondary data analysis research was to identify distinct family social environment typologies that consider both family composition and interaction and to describe the characteristics of the identified family social environment typologies. A series of latent class analysis results indicated three distinct typologies of family social environment with significant differences in family composition, family problem-solving skills, and demographic characteristics. The process used to identify the typologies and significant differences between the typologies showcases how the field could advance family-focused research by considering family composition and interaction.

SUBMITTER: Lee J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7054181 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Identification of Family Social Environment Typologies Using Latent Class Analysis: Implications for Future Family-Focused Research.

Lee Jiwoo J Kubik Martha Y MY Fulkerson Jayne A JA Kohli Nidhi N Garwick Ann E AE

Journal of family nursing 20191225 1

The family social environment is the first environment that a child experiences and has implications for children's health. However, the majority of family social environment measures do not account for its complexity. There is a need for novel approaches for assessing the family social environment that transcends the traditional way of measuring family composition and interaction. The purpose of this secondary data analysis research was to identify distinct family social environment typologies ...[more]

PMID: 31874588

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Project description:Depression is a major public health problem among youth, currently estimated to affect as many as 9% of US children and adolescents. The recognition that both genes (nature) and environments (nurture) are important for understanding the etiology of depression has led to a rapid growth in research exploring gene-environment interactions (GxE). However, there has been no systematic review of GxE in youth depression to date.The goal of this article was to systematically review evidence on the contribution of GxE to the risk of child and adolescent depression. Through a search of PubMed and PsycINFO databases to 1 April 2010, we identified 20 candidate gene-environment interaction studies focused on depression in youth (up to age 26) and compared each study in terms of the following characteristics: research design and sample studied; measure of depression and environment used; genes explored; and GxE findings in relation to these factors.In total, 80% of studies (n = 16) found at least one significant GxE association. However, there was wide variation in methods and analyses adopted across studies, especially with respect to environmental measures used and tests conducted to estimate GxE. This heterogeneity made it difficult to compare findings and evaluate the strength of the evidence for GxE.The existing body of GxE research on depression in youth contains studies that are conceptually and methodologically quite different, which contributes to mixed findings and makes it difficult to assess the current state of the evidence. To decrease this heterogeneity, we offer 20 recommendations that are focused on: (a) reporting GxE research; (b) testing and reporting GxE effects; (c) conceptualizing, measuring and analyzing depression; (d) conceptualizing, measuring and analyzing environment; (e) increasing power to test for GxE; and (f) improving the quality of genetic data used. Although targeted to GxE research on depression, these recommendations can be adopted by GxE researchers focusing on other mental health outcomes.

Project description:BackgroundSocial relationships may be the key to successful aging among older adults. However, little is known about the variability of social relationships among community-dwelling older people. This study aimed to describe the patterns of social relationships and examine the differences in sociodemographic characteristics and mental and physical health status among these patterns.MethodsWe obtained the data from a questionnaire survey in 2017 for older adults aged 65 and above who lived in a suburban area in Japan. The Index of Social Interaction (ISI) was used to evaluate social relationships. The final sample comprised 964 people who were independently mobile and answered at least one item of the ISI. To clarify the patterns of social relationships, latent class analysis was performed with five subscales of ISI treated as indicator variables. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine the factors associated with the patterns of social relationships.ResultsThe patterns of social relationships were classified into three classes: "Active" (73.6%), "Socially isolated" (14.7%), and "Less motivated" (11.7%). Persons who had depressive symptoms were more likely to be allocated to the "Socially isolated" (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.80, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.13-2.86) or the "Less motivated" groups (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.00-2.85) compared to the "Active" group. In addition, men (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.07-2.76) and those living alone (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.43-6.61) were more likely to be allocated to the "Socially isolated" group. Moreover, those who were dependent, according to the instrumental activities and daily living functions, were more likely to be assigned to the "Socially isolated" (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.21-3.97) or "Less motivated" (OR 6.29, 95% CI 3.47-11.39) groups.ConclusionThis study revealed the patterns of social relationships in older adults and suggested that there may be variations of social relationships among community dwellers. The results also indicated the necessity of assessing individual patterns of social relationships and devising strategies for each pattern in public health practice.

Dataset Information

The Identification of Family Social Environment Typologies Using Latent Class Analysis: Implications for Future Family-Focused Research.

Publications

The Identification of Family Social Environment Typologies Using Latent Class Analysis: Implications for Future Family-Focused Research.

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