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A randomized controlled trial of an educational intervention to promote oral and dental health of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Diabetes is the most prevalent disease resulted from metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effect of training based on health belief model (HBM) on oral hygiene-related behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS:This study was conducted as an educational randomized controlled trial (single blind) on 120 patients with type 2 diabetes referring to a diabetes clinic selected through systematic sampling, who were assigned to two groups of control (N?=?60) and intervention (N =?60). The data collection tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire based on HBM which was completed by both groups before the intervention. Then, the intervention group received 4 sessions of educational program based on HBM in 1 month, and the same questionnaire was completed again after 3?months and the data were analyzed through SPSS version 20 software with inferential statistics, t-test, paired t-tests, Chi square, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcoxon test analysis. RESULTS:Three months after the intervention, awareness of the patients and perceived susceptibility, benefits, self-efficacy, internal cue to action, and performance in oral and dental hygiene-related behaviors had a significant increase in the intervention group (p?

SUBMITTER: Malekmahmoodi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7057556 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A randomized controlled trial of an educational intervention to promote oral and dental health of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Malekmahmoodi Maryam M Shamsi Mohsen M Roozbahani Nasrin N Moradzadeh Rahmatollah R

BMC public health 20200304 1

<h4>Background</h4>Diabetes is the most prevalent disease resulted from metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effect of training based on health belief model (HBM) on oral hygiene-related behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.<h4>Methods</h4>This study was conducted as an educational randomized controlled trial (single blind) on 120 patients with type 2 diabetes referring to a diabetes clinic selected through systematic sampling, who were assigned to two groups o ...[more]

PMID: 32131790

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Project description:BackgroundOral health problems especially dental caries are common in school children, and education programs may help to prevent these conditions. The aim of current study was to examine the effects of an educational program based on a Health Belief Model (HBM) to improve oral health behaviors of elementary school children.MethodsA total of 112 children ages 6-12 years old accompanied by one of their parents were randomly assigned to intervention/test and control groups. In the intervention group, five consecutive weekly educational sessions based on the HBM were provided, while the control group received only routine education delivered by the dental clinic. The Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) score, papillary bleeding index, and responses to the HBM questionnaire were assessed in the intervention and control groups at baseline and three-month follow-up after the intervention was completed. Within-group and between-group differences were examined using the Student's t-test and analysis of covariance.ResultsAll HBM domains were improved at follow-up in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The largest change was in perceived susceptibility, whereas the smallest changes were in perceived severity and perceived benefits. The papillary bleeding index demonstrated a significant change from baseline to follow-up in the intervention group (reduction of 0.7, 95% CI = - 0.9 to - 0.5). All components of the DMFT score except missing teeth also improved in the intervention group compared to controls. However, no significant difference was found in total DMFT score between intervention and control groups.ConclusionAn education program based on HBM may be more effective than current methods used to educate children and their parents on optimal oral health behaviors. Administration of interventions of this type along with other school-based programs to prevent dental caries may be helpful in grade-school children.

Project description:BACKGROUND:The levels of insecticide-treated net use among pregnant women and uptake of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy, have been sub-optimal in Nigeria. Previous studies have reported positive correlations between knowledge, attitude and practice of malaria preventive measures. It has also been reported that information and motivation, act through a mediator (behavioural skills), to cause a health behaviour change. The aim of this study was as such to develop, implement, and assess the effects of a health educational intervention based on the information-motivation-behavioural skills (IMB) model on the levels of knowledge, motivation, and behavioural skills for ITN use and IPTp uptake among pregnant women in a hospital in north-eastern Nigeria. METHODS:This was a randomized controlled parallel-group trial in which 372 antenatal care attendees were randomly assigned to either an intervention or control group after collecting baseline data using a structured questionnaire. The intervention group received a 4-h health education on malaria, guided by a module developed based on the IMB theory, while the control group received health education on breastfeeding for a similar duration and by the same facilitator. Follow-up data were subsequently collected at 2 months and at 4 months post-intervention using the same questionnaire. The generalized linear mixed models analysis was used to determine the between-group and within-group effects of the intervention. The intention-to-treat analysis was used after missing data had been replaced. This was followed by a sensitivity analysis, where the analyses were repeated without replacing the missing values. RESULTS:The intervention was significant in achieving a 12.75% (p < 0.001), 8.55% (p < 0.001), and 6.350% (p < 0.001) higher total knowledge, motivation, and behavioural skills scores respectively, for the intervention group over the control group. The sensitivity analysis revealed no great differences in the effect sizes, even when missing data were not replaced. CONCLUSION:The intervention module was effective in improving knowledge, motivation and behavioural skills. It is as such recommended to be adopted and incorporated into the routine antenatal health education schedules. It is also recommended that booster doses of the module be given say 2 months after the first dose to sustain levels of motivation and behavioural skills. Trial registration Pan African Clinical Trial Registry, PACTR201610001823405. Registered 26 October 2016, http://www.pactr.org.

Project description:Poor patient knowledge about transplantation is a significant problem following kidney transplant. A video-based educational intervention was developed to supplement standard education provided by transplant teams.MethodsA multicenter randomized controlled trial tested the intervention delivered to patients undergoing assessment or waitlisted for kidney transplant. Adult participants were randomized to the control (standard education) or the intervention group, consisting of electronic access to the videos (or digital video disks if no internet) plus standard education. Differences between groups in changes in transplant knowledge (measured by the Kidney Transplant Understanding Tool), education satisfaction, self-efficacy, and quality of life (secondary outcomes) were evaluated by a preintervention and postintervention survey. Video viewing habits were tracked and described for patients in the intervention group.ResultsOne hundred sixty-two patients were enrolled, with 132 completing both questionnaires (n = 64 intervention and n = 68 control), with similar enrollment from 3 Canadian sites. Video viewing statistics in the complete cases indicated that 78% (50/64) watched the videos, with 70% (45/64) viewing them electronically, while 8% (5/64) received digital video disks and self-reported participation. Baseline knowledge scores in the intent-to-treat population were 55.4 ± 6.5 and 55.7 ± 7.1 in the intervention and control, respectively. The mean knowledge change in the intervention (2.1 ± 3.6) was significantly higher than in the control group (0.8 ± 3.4, P < 0.02). In the per-protocol analysis (patients with objective evidence of watching at least 80% of the videos), the knowledge improvements were 3.4 ± 3.8. Video group participants reported higher satisfaction with education (P < 0.02) and expressed positive comments in open-ended feedback.ConclusionsElectronic video education in the pretransplant setting improved knowledge and satisfaction.

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A randomized controlled trial of an educational intervention to promote oral and dental health of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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A randomized controlled trial of an educational intervention to promote oral and dental health of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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