Dataset Information

Rhizodegradation of Petroleum Oily Sludge-contaminated Soil Using Cajanus cajan Increases the Diversity of Soil Microbial Community.

ABSTRACT: Most components of petroleum oily sludge (POS) are toxic, mutagenic and cancer-causing. Often bioremediation using microorganisms is hindered by the toxicity of POS. Under this circumstance, phytoremediation is the main option as it can overcome the toxicity of POS. Cajanus cajan a legume plant, was evaluated as a phyto-remediating agent for petroleum oily sludge-spiked soil. Culture dependent and independent methods were used to determine the rhizosphere microorganisms' composition. Degradation rates were estimated gravimetrically. The population of total heterotrophic bacteria (THRB) was significantly higher in the uncontaminated soil compared to the contaminated rhizosphere soil with C. cajan, but the population of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria (HUB) was higher in the contaminated rhizosphere soil. The results show that for 1 to 3% oily sludge concentrations, an increase in microbial counts for all treatments from day 0 to 90 d was observed with the contaminated rhizosphere CR showing the highest significant increase (p ?

SUBMITTER: Allamin IA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7057954 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rhizodegradation of Petroleum Oily Sludge-contaminated Soil Using Cajanus cajan Increases the Diversity of Soil Microbial Community.

Allamin Ibrahim Alkali IA Halmi Mohd Izuan Effendi MIE Yasid Nur Adeela NA Ahmad Siti Aqlima SA Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh SRS Shukor Yunus Y

Scientific reports 20200305 1

Most components of petroleum oily sludge (POS) are toxic, mutagenic and cancer-causing. Often bioremediation using microorganisms is hindered by the toxicity of POS. Under this circumstance, phytoremediation is the main option as it can overcome the toxicity of POS. Cajanus cajan a legume plant, was evaluated as a phyto-remediating agent for petroleum oily sludge-spiked soil. Culture dependent and independent methods were used to determine the rhizosphere microorganisms' composition. Degradation ...[more]

PMID: 32139706

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Project description:This study investigated the impacts of crude oil, diesel, and gasoline on the diversity of indigenous microbial communities as well as culturable microorganisms in the studied soil. Oil contamination led to shifts in the diversity of the soil's microbial communities, regardless of the contaminant applied. Unpolluted soils were more diverse and evenly distributed than contaminated samples. The domain Bacteria accounted for 65.15% of the whole microbial community. The bacterial phylum Proteobacteria dominated in all samples, followed by Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. Pseudomonas with 28.15% of reads dominated in Proteobacteria, while Rhodococcus (3.07%) dominated in Actinobacteria, and Blastocatella (2.53%) dominated in Acidobacteria. The dominant fungal phyla across all samples were Ascomycota dominated by Penicillium (50.48% of sequences), and Zygomycota dominated by Mortierella (16.87%). Sequences similar to the archaeal phyla, Euryarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota, were also detected. The number of culturable microorganisms increased following the contamination and was higher in contaminated samples than in clean samples. Oil contamination also resulted in the enrichment of oil-degrading strains. Two bacteria, Serratia marcescens strain PL and Raoultella ornithinolytica PS, which were isolated from crude oil-contaminated soil, exhibited strong crude oil degradation ability. Strain PL was the most efficient strain and degraded 75.10% of crude oil, while strain PL degraded 65.48%, after 20 days of incubation. However, the mixed culture of the two strains was more effective than single strain and could achieve up to 96.83% of crude oil degradation, with a complete abatement of straight-chain hydrocarbons (from C12 to C25), and more than 91% removal of highly branched hydrocarbons, phytane and pristane, which are known to be more recalcitrant to biodegradation. Strains PS and PL are two newly isolated crude oil degraders that are not among the most prominent crude oil-degrading strains referenced in the literature. Therefore, their high degradation capacity makes them perfect candidates for the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated environments.

Project description:Soil contaminated with the heavy metal Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread problem in many parts of the world. Based on metagenomic analysis, we investigated the functional potential and structural diversity of the microbial community in Cd-contaminated and non-contaminated soil samples and we explored the associated metabolic pathway network in cluster of orthologous groups (COG) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).The results showed that microorganisms in these soils were quite abundant, and many of them possessed numerous physiological functions. However, Cd-contamination has the potential to reduce the microbial diversity and further alter the community structure in the soil. Notably, function analysis of the crucial microorganisms (e. g. Proteobacteria, Sulfuricella and Thiobacillus) indicated that these bacteria and their corresponding physiological functions were important for the community to cope with Cd pollution. The COG annotation demonstrated that the predominant category was the microbial metabolism cluster in both soil samples, while the relative abundance of metabolic genes was increased in the Cd-contaminated soil. The KEGG annotation results exhibited that the non-contaminated soil had more genes, pathways, modules, orthologies and enzymes involved in metabolic pathways of microbial communities than the Cd-contaminated soil. The relative abundance of some dominant KEGG pathways increased in the Cd contaminated soil, and they were mostly enriched to the metabolism, biosynthesis and degradation of amino acids, fatty acids and nucleotides, which was related to Cd tolerance of the microorganisms.Cd-contamination can decrease the taxonomic species of microbes in soil and change the soil microbial composition. The functional pathways involved in the soil change with microbial structure variation, many of which are related to the heavy metal tolerance of soil microbes. The Cd-contaminated soil microbes is a potential resource for exploring cadmium resistant or tolerant bacteria.

Dataset Information

Rhizodegradation of Petroleum Oily Sludge-contaminated Soil Using Cajanus cajan Increases the Diversity of Soil Microbial Community.

Publications

Rhizodegradation of Petroleum Oily Sludge-contaminated Soil Using Cajanus cajan Increases the Diversity of Soil Microbial Community.

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