Dataset Information

What to expect from the price of healthy and unhealthy foods over time? The case from Brazil.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To measure change in price of food groups over time (1995-2030) in Brazil, considering the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines' recommendations.

Design

Data from the Household Budget Survey (2008-2009 HBS) and the National System of Consumer Price Indexes (NSCPI) were used to create a data set containing monthly prices for the foods and beverages most consumed in the country (n 102), from January 1995 to December 2017. Data on price of foods and beverages from 2008-2009 HBS (referring to January 2009) were used to calculate real price over time using the monthly variation in prices from NSCPI. All prices were deflated to December 2017. Foods and beverages were classified following the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines' recommendations. The monthly price for each food group and subgroup was used to analyse changes in prices from 1995 to 2017 and to forecast prices up to 2030 using fractional polynomial models.

Setting

Brazil.

Participants

National estimates of foods and beverages purchased for Brazil.

Results

In 1995, ultra-processed foods were the most expensive group (R$ 6·51/kg), followed by processed foods (R$ 6·44/kg), then unprocessed or minimally processed foods and culinary ingredients (R$ 3·45/kg). Since the early 2000s, the price of ultra-processed foods underwent successive reductions, becoming cheaper than processed foods and reducing the distance between it and the price of the other group. Forecasts indicate that unhealthy foods will become cheaper than healthy foods in 2026.

Conclusions

Food prices in Brazil have changed unfavourably considering the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines' recommendations. This may imply a decrease in the quality of the population's diet.

SUBMITTER: Maia EG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7058424 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

What to expect from the price of healthy and unhealthy foods over time? The case from Brazil.

Maia Emanuella Gomes EG Dos Passos Camila Mendes CM Levy Renata Bertazzi RB Bortoletto Martins Ana Paula AP Mais Laís Amaral LA Claro Rafael Moreira RM

Public health nutrition 20200115 4

<h4>Objective</h4>To measure change in price of food groups over time (1995-2030) in Brazil, considering the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines' recommendations.<h4>Design</h4>Data from the Household Budget Survey (2008-2009 HBS) and the National System of Consumer Price Indexes (NSCPI) were used to create a data set containing monthly prices for the foods and beverages most consumed in the country (n 102), from January 1995 to December 2017. Data on price of foods and beverages from 2008-2009 HBS (re ...[more]

PMID: 31937385

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Relative prices of healthy/unhealthy foods have been implicated in the obesity epidemic, but never extensively quantified across countries or empirically linked to undernutrition. OBJECTIVES:This study compared relative caloric prices (RCPs) for different food categories across 176 countries and ascertained their associations with dietary indicators and nutrition outcomes. METHODS:We converted prices for 657 standardized food products from the 2011 International Comparison Program into caloric prices using USDA Food Composition tables. We classified products into 21 specific food groups. We constructed RCPs as the ratio of the 3 cheapest products in each food group, relative to the weighted cost of a basket of starchy staples. We analyzed RCP differences across World Bank income levels and regions and used cross-country regressions to explore associations with Demographic Health Survey dietary indicators for women 15-49 y old and children 12-23 mo old and with WHO indicators of the under-5 stunting prevalence and adult overweight prevalence. RESULTS:Most noncereal foods were relatively cheap in high-income countries, including sugar- and fat-rich foods. In lower-income countries, healthy foods were generally expensive, especially most animal-sourced foods and fortified infant cereals (FICs). Higher RCPs for a food predict lower consumption among children for 7 of 9 food groups. Higher milk and FIC prices were positively associated with international child stunting patterns: a 1-SD increase in milk prices was associated with a 2.8 percentage point increase in the stunting prevalence. Similarly, a 1-SD increase in soft drink prices was associated with a reduction in the overweight prevalence of ∼3.6 percentage points. CONCLUSIONS:Relative food prices vary systematically across countries and partially explain international differences in the prevalences of undernutrition and overweight adults. Future research should focus on how to alter relative prices to achieve better dietary and nutrition outcomes.

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Dataset Information

What to expect from the price of healthy and unhealthy foods over time? The case from Brazil.

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Results

Conclusions

Publications

What to expect from the price of healthy and unhealthy foods over time? The case from Brazil.

Similar Datasets

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