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Characterization of different adipose depots in fattened buffalo: histological features and expression profiling of adipocyte markers.

ABSTRACT: Adipose tissue (AT) is a multi-depot organ in mammals. AT from various depots differs in composition and function. Revealing the composition feature of AT depots will provide valuable information for further research on the development and fat deposition patterns in buffalo. This study explored the cellular morphology and gene expression profiles of brown and beige markers in seven AT depots of fattened buffalo: three subcutaneous depots (back, sternum, and inguinal) and four visceral depots (perirenal, mesenteric, pericardial, and omental). Histological results showed unilocular adipocytes in all seven AT depots. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) mRNA, a brown and beige adipocyte gene, was detected in all depots with the highest level in VAT depots, and a limited number of UCP1-positive unilocular adipocytes were observed in the three VAT depots. The mRNAs of PPARG coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1 ? ) and transmembrane protein 26 (TMEM26), brown or beige adipocyte markers, were identified in all seven depots and were mainly expressed in VAT depots. However, the mRNA of zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 1 (ZIC1), a brown adipocyte-specific marker, was almost undetectable. Our results demonstrated that all seven AT depots are white adipose tissue (WAT), with potential function of non-shivering thermogenesis in fattened buffalo. Beige adipocytes are more active in VAT depots than in WAT depots. These results improve our knowledge on the feature of different adipose tissue depots in buffalo, which will be useful for the research of fat deposition.

SUBMITTER: Huang J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7059603 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Characterization of different adipose depots in fattened buffalo: histological features and expression profiling of adipocyte markers.

Huang Jieping J Liu Xiaoyan X Feng Xue X Zhang Mingming M Qu Kaixing K Liu Jianyong J Wei Xuefeng X Huang Bizhi B Ma Yun Y

Archives animal breeding 20200221 1

Adipose tissue (AT) is a multi-depot organ in mammals. AT from various depots differs in composition and function. Revealing the composition feature of AT depots will provide valuable information for further research on the development and fat deposition patterns in buffalo. This study explored the cellular morphology and gene expression profiles of brown and beige markers in seven AT depots of fattened buffalo: three subcutaneous depots (back, sternum, and inguinal) and four visceral depots (pe ...[more]

PMID: 32175464

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Project description:White adipose tissue is deposited mainly as subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), often associated with metabolic protection, and abdominal/visceral adipose tissue, which contributes to metabolic disease. To investigate the molecular underpinnings of these differences, we conducted comprehensive proteomics profiling of whole tissue and isolated adipocytes from these two depots across two diets from C57Bl/6J mice. The adipocyte proteomes from lean mice were highly conserved between depots, with the major depot-specific differences encoded by just 3% of the proteome. Adipocytes from SAT (SAdi) were enriched in pathways related to mitochondrial complex I and beiging, whereas visceral adipocytes (VAdi) were enriched in structural proteins and positive regulators of mTOR presumably to promote nutrient storage and cellular expansion. This indicates that SAdi are geared toward higher catabolic activity, while VAdi are more suited for lipid storage. By comparing adipocytes from mice fed chow or Western diet (WD), we define a core adaptive proteomics signature consisting of increased extracellular matrix proteins and decreased fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial Coenzyme Q biosynthesis. Relative to SAdi, VAdi displayed greater changes with WD including a pronounced decrease in mitochondrial proteins concomitant with upregulation of apoptotic signaling and decreased mitophagy, indicating pervasive mitochondrial stress. Furthermore, WD caused a reduction in lipid handling and glucose uptake pathways particularly in VAdi, consistent with adipocyte de-differentiation. By overlaying the proteomics changes with diet in whole adipose tissue and isolated adipocytes, we uncovered concordance between adipocytes and tissue only in the visceral adipose tissue, indicating a unique tissue-specific adaptation to sustained WD in SAT. Finally, an in-depth comparison of isolated adipocytes and 3T3-L1 proteomes revealed a high degree of overlap, supporting the utility of the 3T3-L1 adipocyte model. These deep proteomes provide an invaluable resource highlighting differences between white adipose depots that may fine-tune their unique functions and adaptation to an obesogenic environment.

Project description:OBJECTIVE:Persons living with HIV (PLWH) well treated on antiretroviral therapies remain at risk for ensuing arterial disease. We investigated the relationship between adipose depots and biomarkers of arterial injury and inflammation to gain insight into the link between body composition and CVD risk. DESIGNS/METHODS:One hundred and fifty-five HIV-infected and 70 non-HIV infected individuals were well phenotyped for body composition. Adipose depots were assessed via single-slice abdominal computed tomography (CT). Circulating markers of arterial disease and generalized inflammation [lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LpPLA2), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)] were evaluated. RESULTS:Despite similar BMI and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), HIV-infected individuals had significantly lower subcutaneous adipose tissue [SAT, 199 (126-288) vs. 239 (148-358) cm(2), P?=?0.04] than non-HIV infected individuals. Among HIV-infected individuals, reduced SAT inversely correlated with LpPLA2 (??=?-0.19, P?=?0.02) and hs-cTnT (??=?-0.24, P?=?0.004), whereas increased VAT significantly and positively related to LpPLA2 (??=?0.25, P?=?0.003), oxLDL (??=?0.28, P?=?0.0005), hs-cTnT (??=?0.28, P?=?0.0007) and hsCRP (??=?0.32, P?=??<?0.0001). Similar analyses among the non-HIV infected individuals revealed significant relationships between SAT and LpPLA2 (??=?-0.24, P?=?0.05), as well as VAT and LpPLA2 (??=?0.37, P?=?0.002), oxLDL (??=?0.24, P?=?0.05) and hsCRP (??=?0.29, P?=?.02). In modelling performed among the HIV group, simultaneously controlling for VAT, SAT, age and relevant HIV-related parameters, reduced SAT was an independent predictor of LpPLA2 (P?=?0.04) and hs-cTnT (P?=?0.005) and increased VAT was an independent predictor of LpPLA2 (P?=?0.001), oxLDL (P?=?0.02), hs-cTnT (P?=?0.04) and hsCRP (P?=?0.04). CONCLUSION:Fat redistribution phenotypes, characterized by SAT loss and/or VAT accumulation, may be linked to arterial injury and inflammation in HIV.

Dataset Information

Characterization of different adipose depots in fattened buffalo: histological features and expression profiling of adipocyte markers.

Publications

Characterization of different adipose depots in fattened buffalo: histological features and expression profiling of adipocyte markers.

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