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Flood resilience, amenity and biodiversity benefits of an historic urban pond.

ABSTRACT: The main pond within the historic Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh is an important component of urban blue-green infrastructure. This paper reports on flood resilience provided by the pond (simulated using the CityCAT hydrodynamic model), its water residence times (obtained using the Shetran hydrological model), and the ecology and biodiversity (vascular plants, bryophytes, aquatic invertebrates, phyto- and zooplankton, birds) of the pond and the adjacent area. The results show that the pond improves the flood resilience with at least a 27% reduction in the peak discharge during a 1 h, one in 100-year event. The area represents a biodiversity hot spot with a range of native taxa occurring among introduced plant species. The plankton community is dominated by diatoms, reflecting elevated levels of turbulence and a relatively short residence time, with an average value of 10 days. Analysis of macroinvertebrate community indicates a potential for water quality improvement. The results are discussed in relation to multiple societal benefits related to flood resilience, recreation, education, water quality, amenity and biodiversity value. The conclusions may prove particularly valuable for introducing practical measures in the water catchment, preventing waterlogging of the soil and ensuring an uninterrupted supply of public services. This article is part of the theme issue 'Urban flood resilience'.

SUBMITTER: Krivtsov V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7061967 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Flood resilience.

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Resilience of Urban Transport Network-of-Networks under Intense Flood Hazards Exacerbated by Targeted Attacks.

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Evaluation and promotion strategy of resilience of urban water supply system under flood and drought disasters.

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Project description:Sea level rise and coastal floods are disrupting coastal communities across the world. The impacts of coastal floods are magnified by the disruption of critical urban systems such as transportation. The flood-related closure of low-lying coastal roads and highways can increase travel time delays and accident risk. However, quantifying the flood-related disruption of the urban traffic system presents challenges. Traffic systems are complex and highly dynamic, where congestion resulting from road closures may propagate rapidly from one area to another. Prior studies identify flood-related road closures by spatially overlaying coastal flood maps onto road network models, but simplifications within the representation of the road network with respect to the coastline or creeks may lead to an incorrect identification of flooded roads. We identify three corrections to reduce potential biases in the identification of flooded roads: 1. We correct for the geometry of highways; 2. We correct for the elevation of bridges and highway overpasses; and 3. We identify and account for road-creek crossings. Accounting for these three corrections, we develop a methodology for accurately identifying flooded roads, improving our ability to quantify flood impacts on urban traffic systems and accident rates.

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Project description:Managing urban flood risk is a key global challenge of the twenty-first century. Drivers of future UK flood risk were identified and assessed by the Flood Foresight project in 2002-2004 and 2008; envisaging flood risk during the 2050s and 2080s under a range of scenarios for climate change and socio-economic development. This paper qualitatively reassesses and updates these drivers, using empirical evidence and advances in flood risk science, technology and practice gained since 2008. Of the original drivers, five have strengthened, three have weakened and 14 remain within their 2008 uncertainty bands. Rainfall, as impacted by climate change, is the leading source driver of future urban flood risk. Intra-urban asset deterioration, leading to increases in a range of consequential flood risks, is the primary pathway driver. Social impacts (risk to life and health, and the intangible impacts of flooding on communities) and continued capital investment in buildings and contents (leading to greater losses when newer buildings of higher economic worth are inundated) have strengthened as receptor drivers of urban flood risk. Further, we propose two new drivers: loss of floodable urban spaces and indirect economic impacts, which we suggest may have significant impacts on future urban flood risk. This article is part of the theme issue 'Urban flood resilience'.

| S-EPMC7061970 | biostudies-literature

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