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Patient-level factors influencing hypertension control in adults in Accra, Ghana.

ABSTRACT: Background:Effective control of blood pressure is necessary to avert the risk of cardiovascular diseases from uncontrolled hypertension. Despite evidence on the benefits of hypertension control, rates of control in Ghana remain low. This study assessed the patient-level factors that influence hypertension control among adults in Accra, Ghana.

Methods:A total of 360 hypertensive patients from two hospitals in Accra, Ghana were enrolled in the study. Patient socio-demographic characteristics were tabulated and associations between patient characteristics and hypertension control were estimated using chi-square tests and logistic regression.

Results:Less than a quarter of the patients had a controlled blood pressure. The patient's sex [AOR?=?3.53 (95% CI:1.73-7.25], educational at junior high school [AOR?=?3.52(95% CI 1.72-7.22)], senior and junior high school [AOR?=?2.64 (95% CI 1.40-6.66_] and AOR?=?3.06 (95% CI 1.03-6.67)] and presence of a comorbidity [AOR?=?2.41 (95% CI 1.32; 4.42)] predicted BP control among patients. Dyslipidaemia [AOR?=?0.31, [0.11-0.89)] an increased pill burden, and length of diagnosis of 2-5?years (AOR?=?0.27 (0.1-0.73)] however, were associated with reduced BP control [AOR?=?0.32(95% CI: 0.18-0.57)]. The majority of patients reported forgetfulness, side effects of medication and high pill burden as reasons for missing their medications.

Conclusion:Knowledge of hypertension among patients is low. Sex, formal education and the presence of comorbidity and more specifically dyslipidaemia influences blood pressure control. High pill burden and 2-5?years since diagnosis negatively affects the attainment of blood pressure control.

SUBMITTER: Okai DE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7065309 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Patient-level factors influencing hypertension control in adults in Accra, Ghana.

Okai Darlene Esinam DE Manu Adom A Amoah Emefa Modey EM Laar Amos A Akamah Joseph J Torpey Kwasi K

BMC cardiovascular disorders 20200311 1

<h4>Background</h4>Effective control of blood pressure is necessary to avert the risk of cardiovascular diseases from uncontrolled hypertension. Despite evidence on the benefits of hypertension control, rates of control in Ghana remain low. This study assessed the patient-level factors that influence hypertension control among adults in Accra, Ghana.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 360 hypertensive patients from two hospitals in Accra, Ghana were enrolled in the study. Patient socio-demographic charac ...[more]

PMID: 32156259

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Project description:BackgroundScabies occurs worldwide with a prevalence between 0.3 and 46.0%. In Ghana, even though a 5.1% proportion of scabies was reported in a retrospective review of skin diseases at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, the nationwide prevalence of scabies is unknown. Overall, its burden is higher in tropical regions. Scabies outbreaks mostly occur among children, the elderly in nursing homes, and prison inmates. Even though primary scabies hardly results in mortalities, the pain, itch, and systemic complications from secondary bacterial infections account for about 1.5 million years lived with disabilities. We investigated a scabies outbreak among school children in Ghana to determine its magnitude, stop the outbreak, and institute preventive measures to minimize risks of future outbreaks.MethodsThe investigation was conducted between March 14 and May 17, 2017 among pupils of Presbyterian Secondary Staff Basic School in Accra. We defined a case as a school child who on clinical examination, had an intensely pruritic rash on at least one typical predilection site with or without a burrow, or positive skin scrapings on microscopy. We screened and line listed cases, performed laboratory investigations on skin scrapings and wound swaps, and conducted an environmental assessment. We performed descriptive statistics on data, and calculated attack rate ratios (ARR) at 95% confidence level.ResultsOf 823 preschool children screened, 92 were cases. Median age of cases was 4 years (range 2-7 years) and their modal age was 3 years. The overall attack rate was 11.2% (92/823). The sex specific attack rate was 11.5% for males, and 10.8% for females (ARR: 0.93; CI: 0.67-1.28). Compared with the least affected class (crèche), the nursery one class was worst affected (ARR: 5.14; CI: 3.44-7.50). On microscopy, all skin scrapings were negative for scabies. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. were isolated from secondarily infected scabies lesions.ConclusionsA scabies outbreak with a propagated source occurred among preschool children. The 3-year-old pupils were most affected. It was controlled by mass treatment with benzyl benzoate and health education. Classrooms and sleeping mats were disinfected. We recommended the decongestion of classrooms and discouraged sharing of sleeping mats.

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Patient-level factors influencing hypertension control in adults in Accra, Ghana.

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Patient-level factors influencing hypertension control in adults in Accra, Ghana.

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