Dataset Information

Prevalence, features and health impacts of eating disorders amongst First-Australian Yiramarang (adolescents) and in comparison with other Australian adolescents.

ABSTRACT: Background:This study aimed to support previous research conducted with First-Australians (FA) by establishing the prevalence of eating disorders, and their demographic distribution and burden in adolescent First-Australians compared to other-Australians (OA). Methods:Data were used from the baseline survey of the EveryBODY Study, a longitudinal investigation of eating disorders among Australian adolescents. Of the 5068 participants included, 402 (8%) identified as FA, 4586 (90.5%) identified as OA. Diagnosis of eating disorders was based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version 5. Socioeconomic status and measures of impairment were assessed using validated instruments. Body mass index was calculated based on self-reported weight and height. Statistical analyses used data weighted to the distribution of gender in adolescents in New South Wales in the 2016 Australian Census. Chi-square tests were performed to determine prevalence of eating disorders amongst FA and to compare to OA. ANOVA and logistic regression analyses where conducted to examine the moderation effect of sociodemographic status, measures of impairment and FA status on the distribution of eating disorders. Results:The prevalence rates for eating disorder diagnoses where similar for FA and OA with the exception of Night eating Syndrome (OSFED-NES), which occurred in 7.14% (95%CI 4.81-10.49) of FA vs. 3.72% (95%CI 3.17-4.36) in OA. The greater prevalence of OSFED-NES in FA was largely explained by poorer psychosocial quality of life amongst FA. Conclusion:Eating disorders are common amongst First-Australian adolescents and are associated with poor psychosocial quality of life. These findings are consistent with previous research conducted with First-Australian adults. There is a need to screen for eating disorders amongst First-Australian adolescent girls and boys.

SUBMITTER: Burt A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7066723 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prevalence, features and health impacts of eating disorders amongst First-Australian Yiramarang (adolescents) and in comparison with other Australian adolescents.

Burt Adam A Mitchison Deborah D Dale Elizabeth E Bussey Kay K Trompeter Nora N Lonergan Alexandra A Hay Phillipa P

Journal of eating disorders 20200312

<h4>Background</h4>This study aimed to support previous research conducted with First-Australians (FA) by establishing the prevalence of eating disorders, and their demographic distribution and burden in adolescent First-Australians compared to other-Australians (OA).<h4>Methods</h4>Data were used from the baseline survey of the EveryBODY Study, a longitudinal investigation of eating disorders among Australian adolescents. Of the 5068 participants included, 402 (8%) identified as FA, 4586 (90.5% ...[more]

PMID: 32190326

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Project description:BackgroundPediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and eating disorder symptoms frequently overlap, clouding diagnostic certainty and hypothesized etiologic factors. Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is defined by abrupt emergence of core obsessive-compulsive behaviours and/or food restriction with concurrent, ancillary cognitive and behavioral symptoms. Inflammatory and immune processes have putative roles in both PANS and a related described condition with cardinal obsessive-compulsive or tic symptoms, known as pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS). While prevalence of PANS and PANDAS has been examined in tic, movement disorder and OCD populations, this has not yet been systematically examined in a pediatric eating disorder sample.ObjectivesTo identify the lifetime prevalence of those meeting PANS and/or PANDAS criteria within a pediatric eating disorder cohort.MethodsConvenience sampling method was utilized to select consecutive youth (ages 8-18-years) presenting to an interdisciplinary pediatric eating disorder subspecialty program with a confirmed eating disorder and completed parent-report PANS/PANDAS questionnaire (n = 100). A parent-reported measure was used to establish lifetime prevalence rates for PANS and PANDAS. Descriptive and exploratory comparative analyses were conducted between PANS and non-PANS groups. Continuous measures were analyzed using two-tailed independent sample t-tests and categorical measures were analyzed using two-tailed Fisher's exact tests.ResultsAmong participants, 52% (n = 52) met PANS criteria and 0% (n = 0) met PANDAS diagnostic criteria. Core, abrupt-onset PANS symptoms included both food restriction and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in 63.5% (n = 33), food restriction only in 25% (n = 13), and obsessive-compulsive symptoms only in 11.5% (n = 6) of participants. In comparison to those who did not meet PANS criteria, those in the PANS subgroup were less likely to be male and more commonly prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medication. Significant group differences did not emerge for onset age, body mass index, eating disorder type or comorbid psychiatric/medical/autoimmune illness.ConclusionLifetime prevalence of symptoms in keeping with PANS diagnostic criteria within a pediatric eating disorder cohort was notably higher than that previously reported in OCD or tic disorder cohorts. The overlap between starvation effects and ancillary PANS symptoms may challenge the practical utility of this putative syndrome within the eating disorder population.

Project description:IntroductionThis study investigated differences between rural Australian First Nations and non-First Nations survey respondents' perceptions of COVID-19-related risks and analysed other variables that could predict an exacerbation of anxiety related to COVID-19 harms.MethodsA cross-sectional online and paper survey of rural residents from the western regions of NSW, Australia, was conducted. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses were used to assess links between First Nations status and demographic measures including postcode, age, gender, education, rural or town/village location, proximity to medical services and living situation. The analysis included five items related to perceptions about COVID-19: perceived likelihood of contracting COVID-19 in the next 12 months, perceived harmfulness of the virus, how often people felt afraid, perception about respondents' ability to do something about the virus and perceived economic impacts of the pandemic.ResultsThere were significant differences between First Nations (n=60) and non-First Nations (n= 639) respondents across all sociodemographic categories. The results reflect a significantly higher level of anxiety among the First Nations Australians in the sample: they felt afraid more often, felt it was highly likely they would catch the virus and if they did catch the virus perceived that it would be very harmful. Living with children under eighteen years of age and in small rural towns were key factors linked to feeling afraid of COVID-19 and First Nations status.ConclusionHealth risk communication in pandemic response should include an equitable focus on rural areas, recognising that First Nations Australians are a significant proportion of the rural population with different risk factors and concerns than those of non-First Nations Australians. This principle of First Nations-led design is critical to all health policy and planning. The Australian Government should include rural areas in planning pandemic responses, recognising that First Nations populations are a significant proportion of the rural population creating syndemic conditions.

Dataset Information

Prevalence, features and health impacts of eating disorders amongst First-Australian Yiramarang (adolescents) and in comparison with other Australian adolescents.

Publications

Prevalence, features and health impacts of eating disorders amongst First-Australian Yiramarang (adolescents) and in comparison with other Australian adolescents.

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