Dataset Information

The health-related determinants of eating pattern of high school athletes in Goias, Brazil.

ABSTRACT: Background:Athletes put their health at short- and long-term risk and a detailed investigation of health outcomes is important because it should allow the development of more specific interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the health-related determinants of eating pattern of high school athletes. Methods:The study enrolled 248 Brazilian athletes aged 14-20?years. Eating pattern outcomes included skipping breakfast, vegetable and fruit consumption, and sweets consumption. The following factors were considered as independent variables: sociodemographic, economic, anthropometry, body weight control, psychosocial, sedentary behavior, sleeping time, meals, alcohol and smoking, and strength variables. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression model and the effect measure was the prevalence ratio (PR). Results:The results showed that 45.6% of the athletes skipped breakfast, 29.8% ate sweets regularly, and only 8.9% consumed vegetables and fruit regularly. Multiple analysis revealed the following positive associations: breakfast skipping and vomiting or using laxatives to lose weight (PR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01-1.26); low fruit and vegetable consumption and using pills to lose weight (PR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.07); high sweets consumption and female athletes (PR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.12-1.55); high sweets consumption and more than 2?h spent watching TV (PR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02-1.39). Conclusions:Our findings indicated that sociodemographic, body weight control and sedentary factors are determinants on eating patterns of high school athletes.

SUBMITTER: Noll M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7066817 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The health-related determinants of eating pattern of high school athletes in Goiás, Brazil.

Noll Matias M Rodrigues Ana Paula Santos APS Silveira Erika Aparecida EA

Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique 20200312

<h4>Background</h4>Athletes put their health at short- and long-term risk and a detailed investigation of health outcomes is important because it should allow the development of more specific interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the health-related determinants of eating pattern of high school athletes.<h4>Methods</h4>The study enrolled 248 Brazilian athletes aged 14-20 years. Eating pattern outcomes included skipping breakfast, vegetable and fruit consumption, and sweets consumption. The ...[more]

PMID: 32190300

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Project description:BackgroundAlthough eye injuries constitute a small percentage of high school and college sports injuries, they have the potential to be permanently debilitating.HypothesisEye injury rates will vary by sport, sex, and between the high school and college age groups.Study designDescriptive epidemiology study.Level of evidenceLevel 3.MethodsData from eye injury reports in high school and college athletes were obtained from the National High School Sports-Related Injury Surveillance System, High School Reporting Information Online (HS RIO) database over a 10-year span (2005-2006 through 2014-2015 school years) and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance Program (ISP) over an 11-year span (2004-2005 through 2014-2015 school years). Injury rates per 100,000 athlete-exposures (AEs), injury rate ratios (RRs), and 95% CIs were calculated. Distributions of eye injuries by diagnosis, mechanism, time loss, and surgery needs were also examined.ResultsA total of 237 and 273 eye injuries were reported in the HS RIO and the NCAA ISP databases, respectively. The sports with the highest eye injury rates (per 100,000 AEs) for combined high school and college athletes were women's basketball (2.36), women's field hockey (2.35), men's basketball (2.31), and men's wrestling (2.07). Overall eye injury rates at the high school and college levels were 0.68 and 1.84 per 100,000 AEs, respectively. Eye injury rates were higher in competition than practice in high school (RR, 3.47; 95% CI, 2.69-4.48) and college (RR, 3.13; 95% CI, 2.45-3.99). Most injuries were contusions (high school, 35.9%; college, 33.3%) and due to contact (high school, 89.9%; college, 86.4%). Only a small percentage of injuries resulted in time loss over 21 days (high school, 4.2%; college, 3.0%).ConclusionEye injury rates and patterns vary by sport, sex, and between the high school and college age groups. Although severe injuries do occur, most eye injuries sustained by high school and college athletes are minor, with limited time loss and full recovery.Clinical relevanceAdditional focus needs to be placed on preventing eye injuries at the collegiate level in women's and men's basketball, women's field hockey, and men's wrestling.

Project description:BackgroundThe long-term effect of sport-related concussion on mood in adolescent athletes is largely unknown.HypothesisLongitudinal measures of depression will worsen acutely after sport-related concussion and improve with concussion symptom resolution.Study designProspective cohort study.Level of evidenceLevel 3.MethodsA population-based sample of 2160 high school athletes from 31 urban, suburban, and rural high schools completed preseason baseline concussion symptom evaluation and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) assessments over 2 years. Athletic trainers recorded onset of sport-related concussion, and concussed athletes completed the PHQ-9 assessment within 24 to 72 hours, 7 days, date of return to sport, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after sport-related concussion. Scores at each time point were compared to baseline with mixed-effects models and repeated-measures analysis of variance. Sex-based differences were assessed using mixed-effect models.ResultsOf the 2160 athletes enrolled in the study, 125 (5.8%; 80 males, 45 females) sustained a sport-related concussion. PHQ-9 scores worsened from baseline at 24 to 72 hours (+1.05; 95% CI, 0.26-1.84; P = 0.003) and 7 days (+0.91; 95% CI, 0.23-1.60; P = 0.006). However, PHQ-9 scores improved from baseline to date of return to sport (-1.38; 95% CI, -2.20 to -0.55; P < 0.001), 3 months (-1.08; 95% CI, -1.88 to -0.28; P = 0.003), 6 months (-1.19; 95% CI, -2.04 to -0.34; P = 0.001), and 12 months after sport-related concussion (-0.76; 95% CI, -1.43 to -0.08; P = 0.028). Female athletes reported more severe concussion symptoms 24 to 72 hours after sport-related concussion compared with male athletes (female, 20.5 [interquartile range (IQR), 10.0-36.2]; male, 9.0 [IQR, 4.0-19.5]; P = 0.003). Neither PHQ-9 scores nor change in PHQ-9 scores differed between male and female athletes at any time point.ConclusionSport-related concussion did not worsen longitudinal measures of depressed mood in this cohort of high school athletes.Clinical relevanceEmotional symptoms are common after sport-related concussion, but typically resolve by return to sport.

Project description:BackgroundHealth care utilization can vary by age group, geographic location, and socioeconomic status (SES). A paucity of information exists regarding the availability and utilization of medical care by injured scholastic athletes. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare injuries and health care service utilization by school SES over an academic year.MethodsInjury and health care service data was collected from 1 large school district. Percentage of free and reduced lunch (FRPL) for each school was calculated to stratify schools into high (<50% FRPL) and low (≥50.1% FRPL) SES groups. Incidence proportion and relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.ResultsAbout 1756 injuries were reported among over 7000 participating athletes from 14 high schools. Similar injury incidence proportions were reported between high and low SES schools (RR = 1.10 [1.00-1.20]). Athletes from low SES schools were twice (RR = 2.01 [1.21-3.35]) and over three (RR = 3.42 [1.84-6.55]) times more likely to receive emergency and physical therapy care. SES was not associated with the use of physician, imaging, or surgery services.Implications for school health, policy, and equitySchool medical providers and administrators should have ready and provide a list of trusted outside primary care and specialty providers that have experience in sports medicine. They should also enquire and follow up on which outside provider the high school athlete will seek care when referring out to outside providers.ConclusionsInjury incidence was similar between high and low SES schools. However, athletes from low SES high schools were over 2-fold more likely to use emergency department services. Understanding factors influencing health care services choice and usage by student athletes from different socioeconomic backgrounds may assist sport medicine clinicians in identifying barriers and potential solutions in improving time to health restoration, athlete outcomes, and health care monetary burden.

Project description:ContextIn the spring of 2020, US schools closed to in-person teaching and sports were cancelled to control the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is critical to understand the mental and physical health of adolescent athletes during this time.ObjectiveTo describe the health of athletes during COVID-19-related school closures and sport cancellations.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA national sample recruited via social media.Patients or other participantsA total of 13 002 US adolescent athletes (age = 16.3 ± 1.2 years, females = 52.9%, males = 47.0%) completed an anonymous online survey.Main outcome measure(s)Demographic information collected was sex, grade, sport(s) played, and zip code. Assessments used were the General Anxiety Disorder 7-Item for anxiety, Patient Health Questionnaire 9-Item for depression, the Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale for physical activity, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 for quality of life. Mental health, physical activity, and health-related quality-of-life variables were compared among sex, grade, sport(s) played, and poverty level using means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from the survey-weighted analysis of variance.ResultsFemales reported a higher prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety symptoms (females = 43.7% versus males = 28.2%). The Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale score was highest (best) for grade 9 (mean = 14.5, 95% CI = 14.0, 15.0) and lowest for grade 11 (mean = 10.9, 95% CI = 10.5, 11.3). The prevalence of depression symptoms was highest in team sport (74.1%) and lowest in individual sport (64.9%) participants. The total Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory score was lowest (worst) for athletes from counties with the highest poverty levels (high: mean = 74.5, 95% CI = 73.7, 75.3; middle: mean = 78.9, 95% CI = 78.0, 79.8; and low: mean = 78.3, 95% CI = 77.4, 79.1).ConclusionsThe health of US adolescents during the COVID-19-related school closures and sport cancellations varied to differing degrees depending on sex, grade level, type of sport participation, and level of poverty. Health policy experts should consider these findings in the future when creating and implementing policies to improve the health of adolescents in the United States.

Dataset Information

The health-related determinants of eating pattern of high school athletes in Goias, Brazil.

Publications

The health-related determinants of eating pattern of high school athletes in Goiás, Brazil.

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