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Combined application of Ascophyllum nodosum extract and chitosan synergistically activates host-defense of peas against powdery mildew.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Powdery mildew (PM) is an important disease of pea that reduce yield. Ascophyllum nodosum extract (ANE) and chitosan (CHT) are biostimulants used to improve plant health. Efficacy of ANE and CHT was assessed individually and in combination against pea powdery mildew. RESULTS:Combined applications of ANE and CHT had a significant inhibitory effect on pathogen development and it reduced disease severity to 35%, as compared to control (90.5%). The combination of ANE and CHT enhanced the activity of plant defense enzymes; phenylalanine ammonia lyases (PAL), peroxidase (PO) and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Further, the treatment increased the expression of a number of plant defense genes in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway such as LOX1 and COI and salicylic acid (SA)-mediated signaling pathway such as NPR1 and PR1. Other genes involved in defense mechanisms like NADPH oxidase and C4H were also upregulated by the combination treatment. CONCLUSION:The combination of ANE and CHT suppresses pea powdery mildew largely by modulating JA and SA-mediated signaling pathways.

SUBMITTER: Patel JS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7069196 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Combined application of Ascophyllum nodosum extract and chitosan synergistically activates host-defense of peas against powdery mildew.

Patel Jai Singh JS Selvaraj Vinodkumar V Gunupuru Lokanadha Rao LR Rathor Pramod Kumar PK Prithiviraj Balakrishnan B Prithiviraj Balakrishnan B

BMC plant biology 20200312 1

<h4>Background</h4>Powdery mildew (PM) is an important disease of pea that reduce yield. Ascophyllum nodosum extract (ANE) and chitosan (CHT) are biostimulants used to improve plant health. Efficacy of ANE and CHT was assessed individually and in combination against pea powdery mildew.<h4>Results</h4>Combined applications of ANE and CHT had a significant inhibitory effect on pathogen development and it reduced disease severity to 35%, as compared to control (90.5%). The combination of ANE and CH ...[more]

PMID: 32164536

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Project description:This study evaluated the effectiveness of a commercially available Ascophyllum nodosum alkaline extract as a plant growth stimulant and defense elicitor against foliar diseases of tomato and sweet pepper caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria and Alternaria solani in a tropical environment. Foliar applications of 0.5% A. nodosum extract (AN) at 10-day intervals resulted in significant (P < 0.05) increase in plant growth parameters, including plant height (40%), leaf number (50%), plant dry biomass (52%), root length (59%) and chlorophyll content (20%) compared to control. Treated plants also had a significantly higher number of flower clusters, flower numbers, fruits per cluster and total harvested fruit yield. The Ascophyllum extract significantly (P < 0.05) reduced disease incidence by the pathogens in both crops under greenhouse and field conditions. The combinatory treatment of seaweed extract and a minimum dose of contact fungicide in field trials, recorded the overall lowest disease levels (60% reduction) and highest yield (57% increase). Investigations into the mechanisms of disease suppression revealed the effects of the extract in inducing the activities of defense-related enzymes including phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, chitinase and ?-1,3-glucanase, as well as the levels of total phenolic compounds. The effect on SA, JA and ET-mediated signalling defense pathways was examined by quantifying expression levels of marker genes including PR1-a, PinII and ETR-1, for the above pathways respectively. Both crop plants treated with A. nodosum extract had significantly higher expression levels of the PinII and ETR-1 marker genes than controls. This was coupled with a marked increase in gene transcripts involved in auxin (IAA), gibberellin (Ga2Ox) and cytokinin (IPT) biosynthesis, which provides possible evidence for induced growth in plants treated with AN extract. Cross-talks between growth and defense responses as a result of seaweed extract application could evidently implicate the benefits of seaweed extract usage in sustainable crop production.

Dataset Information

Combined application of Ascophyllum nodosum extract and chitosan synergistically activates host-defense of peas against powdery mildew.

Publications

Combined application of Ascophyllum nodosum extract and chitosan synergistically activates host-defense of peas against powdery mildew.

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