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Effects of Beetroot Juice Ingestion on Physical Performance in Highly Competitive Tennis Players.

ABSTRACT: Beetroot juice (BJ) contains high levels of inorganic nitrate (NO3-) and its intake has good evidence in increasing blood nitrate/nitrite concentrations. The ingestion of BJ has been associated with improvements in physical performance of endurance sports, however the literature in intermittent sports is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate whether BJ could improve physical performance in tennis players. Thirteen well-trained tennis players (25.4 ± 5.1 years) participated in the study during their preparatory period for the tennis season. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups and performed a neuromuscular test battery after either BJ or placebo (PLA) consumption. Both trials were executed on two separate days, in randomized order, with one week of wash out period. The test battery consisted of serve velocity test (SVT), countermovement jump (CMJ), isometric handgrip strength (IHS), 5-0-5 agility test (5-0-5), and 10 m sprint (10-m). No significant differences were found in SVT (1.19%; p = 0.536), CMJ (0.96%; p = 0.327), IHS (4.06%; p = 0.069), 5-0-5 dominant and nondominant side (1.11-2.02%; p = 0.071-0.191) and 10-m (1.05%; p = 0.277) when comparing BJ and PLA ingestion. Thus, our data suggest that low doses of BJ (70 mL) consumption do not enhance tennis physical performance.

SUBMITTER: Lopez-Samanes A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7071491 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of Beetroot Juice Ingestion on Physical Performance in Highly Competitive Tennis Players.

López-Samanes Álvaro Á Pérez-López Alberto A Moreno-Pérez Victor V Nakamura Fabio Yuzo FY Acebes-Sánchez Jorge J Quintana-Milla Iñaki I Sánchez-Oliver Antonio J AJ Moreno-Pérez Diego D Fernández-Elías Valentín Emilio VE Domínguez Raúl R

Nutrients 20200223 2

Beetroot juice (BJ) contains high levels of inorganic nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) and its intake has good evidence in increasing blood nitrate/nitrite concentrations. The ingestion of BJ has been associated with improvements in physical performance of endurance sports, however the literature in intermittent sports is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate whether BJ could improve physical performance in tennis players. Thirteen well-trained tennis players (25.4 ± 5.1 years) pa ...[more]

PMID: 32102263

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Project description:Background: Tennis is among the world’s most popular and well-studied sports. Physical training has commonly been used as an intervention among athletes. However, a comprehensive review of the literature on the effects of physical training programs on female tennis players’ performance is lacking. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effects of physical training on performance outcomes in female tennis players. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, SPORTDicus, Scopus, and CNKI from inception until July 2023 to select relevant articles from the accessible literature. Only controlled trials were included if they examined the effects of physical training on at least one measure of tennis-specific performance in female tennis players. The Cochrane RoB tool was employed to assess the risk of bias. The CERT scale was used to examine the quality of program information. The GRADE approach was adopted to evaluate the overall quality of the evidence. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was used for the meta-analysis. Results: Nine studies were selected for the systematic review and seven for the meta-analysis, totaling 222 individuals. The study’s exercise programs lasted 6–36 weeks, with training sessions ranging from 30 to 80 min, conducted one to five times per week. Muscle power (ES = 0.72; p = 0.003), muscle strength (ES = 0.65; p = 0.002), agility (ES = 0.69; p = 0.002), serve velocity (ES = 0.72; p = 0.013), and serve accuracy (ES = 1.14; p = 0.002) demonstrated significant improvement following physical training, while no notable changes in linear sprint speed (ES = 0.63; p = 0.07) were detected. Conclusion: Although research on physical training in sports is diversified, studies on training interventions among female tennis players are scarce. This review found that existing training programs yield some favorable outcomes for female tennis players. However, further research with high methodological quality is warranted on the tailoring of specific training programs for female tennis players. There should be more consistent measuring and reporting of data to facilitate meaningful data pooling for future meta-analyses.

Project description:This study examined the dose-response effects of ingesting different sodium concentrations on markers of hydration and tennis skill. Twelve British nationally-ranked tennis players (age: 21.5 ± 3.1 years; VO2peak: 45.5 ± 4.4 ml.kg.min-1) completed four identical in-door tennis training sessions in a cluster randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Twenty-minutes prior to each training session, participants consumed a 250 ml sodium-containing beverage (10, 20, 50 mmol/L) or a placebo (0 mmol/L), and continued to consume 1,000 ml of the same beverage at set periods during the 1-h training session. Tennis groundstroke and serve performance, agility, urine osmolality, fluid loss, sodium sweat loss and perceptual responses (rating of perceived exertion (RPE), thirst, and gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort) were assessed. Results showed that ingesting 50 mmol/L sodium reduced urine osmolality (-119 mOsmol/kg; p = 0.037) and improved groundstroke performance (5.4; p < 0.001) compared with placebo. This was associated with a reduction in RPE (-0.42; p = 0.029), perception of thirst (-0.58; p = 0.012), and GI discomfort (-0.55; p = 0.019) during the 50 mmol/L trial compared with placebo. Linear trend analysis showed that ingesting greater concentrations of sodium proportionately reduced urine osmolality (? = -147 mOsmol/kg; p = 0.007) and improved groundstroke performance (? = 5.6; p < 0.001) in a dose response manner. Perceived thirst also decreased linearly as sodium concentration increased (? = -0.51; p = 0.044). There was no evidence for an effect of sodium consumption on fluid loss, sweat sodium loss, serve or agility performance (p > 0.05). In conclusion, consuming 50 mmol/L of sodium before and during a 1-h tennis training session reduced urine osmolality and improved groundstroke performance in nationally-ranked tennis players. There was also evidence of dose response effects, showing that ingesting greater sodium concentrations resulted in greater improvements in groundstroke performance. The enhancement in tennis skill may have resulted from an attenuation of symptomologic distracters associated with hypohydration, such as RPE, thirst and GI discomfort.

Project description:Background: Plyometric training (PT) has been researched extensively in athletic populations. However, the effects of PT on tennis players are less clear. Methods: We aim to consolidate the existing research on the effects of PT on healthy tennis players' skill and physical performance. On 30th May 2022, a comprehensive search of SCOPUS, PubMed, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus (via EBSCOhost) databases was performed. PICOS was employed to define the inclusion criteria: 1) healthy tennis players; 2) a PT program; 3) compared a plyometric intervention to a control group or another exercise group, and single-group trials; 4) tested at least one measures of tennis skill or physical performance; and 5) non-randomized study trials and randomized control designs. Individual studies' methodological quality was evaluated by using the Cochrane RoB-2 and ROBINS-I instruments. Using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE), the certainty of the body of evidence for each outcome was assessed, and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was employed for the meta-analysis. Results: Twelve studies comprising 443 tennis players aged 12.5-25 years were eligible for inclusion. The PT lasted from 3 to 9 weeks. Eight studies provided data to allow for the pooling of results in a meta-analysis. A moderate positive effect was detected for PT programs on maximal serve velocity (ES = 0.75; p < 0.0001). In terms of measures of physical performance, small to moderate (ES = 0.43-0.88; p = 0.046 to < 0.001) effects were noted for sprint speed, lower extremity muscle power, and agility. While no significant and small effect was noted for lower extremity muscle strength (ES = 0.30; p = 0.115). We found no definitive evidence that PT changed other parameters (i.e., serve accuracy, upper extremity power and strength, reaction time, and aerobic endurance). Based on GRADE, the certainty of evidence across the included studies varied from very low to moderate. Conclusion: PT may improve maximal serve velocity and physical performance components (sprint speed, lower extremity muscular power, and agility) for healthy tennis players; however, more high-quality evidence about the effects of PT on the skill and physical performance of tennis players merits further investigation. Systematic Review Registration: [https://inplasy.com/], identifier [INPLASY202250146].

Project description:IntroductionIntensive tennis practice is known to generate sport-specific adaptations at the shoulder region and influence the sagittal spinal curvature. However, increased thoracic kyphosis decreases the shoulder functional capacity, which could limit tennis performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week multimodal program on thoracic posture, glenohumeral range of motion, and serve performance in competitive young tennis players.MethodsEighteen male and four female players (age: 16.0 ± 2.4 years, height: 170.7 ± 11.0 cm; mass: 62.1 ± 11.5 kg; International Tennis Number: 3-4) performed their regular training during 8 weeks, which was used as a reference period, and implemented a multimodal program including stretching, strengthening, and myofascial release exercises, four times per week during 8 additional weeks, which corresponded to the intervention period. The thoracic curvature angle and mobility, the biacromial and interscapular distances, the glenohumeral range of motion and the tennis serve performance were assessed three times, i.e., before and after the regular training and after the 8-week multimodal program.ResultsThe results showed that the 8-week regular training had no significant effects on thoracic curvature angle [effect size (ES) = 0.02-0.36, p = 0.06-0.46] and mobility (ES = 0.05-0.26, p = 0.13-0.42), biacromial (ES = 0.05, p = 0.18) and interscapular distances (ES = 0.03, p = 0.45), ranges of motion in glenohumeral internal (ES = 0.04, p = 0.43) and external rotation (ES = 0.43, p = 0.06), and tennis serve accuracy (ES = 0.33, p = 0.07) and velocity (ES = 0.09, p = 0.35). The 8-week multimodal program increased moderately the thoracic mobility (ES = 0.55, p = 0.01), moderately to strongly the serve accuracy and velocity (ES = 0.65, p = 0.003, for both), strongly decreased the interscapular distance (ES = 1.02, p < 0.001), and strongly increased the range of motion in glenohumeral internal (ES = 0.90, p < 0.001) and external rotation (ES = 1.49, p < 0.001).DiscussionThese findings indicated that an 8-week multimodal program, including spine and glenohumeral mobility and shoulder girdle strength exercises, performed four times per week during 8 weeks, is moderately relevant to rectify the sagittal thoracic curvature in competitive tennis players, while such a program may help regain the range of motion in glenohumeral rotation without tennis serve performance impairment.

Dataset Information

Effects of Beetroot Juice Ingestion on Physical Performance in Highly Competitive Tennis Players.

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Effects of Beetroot Juice Ingestion on Physical Performance in Highly Competitive Tennis Players.

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