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Cinnamomum verum Bark Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Potentiality.

ABSTRACT: Cinnamomum verum plant extract mediated propellant chemistry route was used for the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Prepared samples were confirmed for their nano regime using advanced characterization techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction and microscopic techniques such as scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The energy band gap of the green synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO)-nanoparticles (NPs) were found between 3.25-3.28 eV. Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy shows the presence of Zn-O bond within the wave number of 500 cm-1. SEM images show the specific agglomeration of particles which was also confirmed by TEM studies. The green synthesized ZnO-NPs inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 125 µg mL-1 and 62.5 µg mL-1, respectively. The results indicate the prepared ZnO-NPs can be used as a potential antimicrobial agent against harmful pathogens.

SUBMITTER: Ansari MA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7072335 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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<i>Cinnamomum verum</i> Bark Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Potentiality.

Ansari Mohammad Azam MA Murali Mahadevamurthy M Prasad Daruka D Alzohairy Mohammad A MA Almatroudi Ahmad A Alomary Mohammad N MN Udayashankar Arakere Chunchegowda AC Singh Sudarshana Brijesh SB Asiri Sarah Mousa Maadi SMM Ashwini Bagepalli Shivaram BS Gowtham Hittanahallikoppal Gajendramurthy HG Kalegowda Nataraj N Amruthesh Kestur Nagaraj KN Lakshmeesha Thimappa Ramachandrappa TR Niranjana Siddapura Ramachandrappa SR

Biomolecules 20200219 2

<i>Cinnamomum verum</i> plant extract mediated propellant chemistry route was used for the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Prepared samples were confirmed for their nano regime using advanced characterization techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction and microscopic techniques such as scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The energy band gap of the green synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO)-nanoparticles (NPs) were found between 3.25-3.28 eV. Fourier transmiss ...[more]

PMID: 32092985

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Project description:BackgroundGreen approach to nanoparticles, including metal oxides Because of an inevitable disadvantage of physical or chemical synthesis routes is attractive nowadays. ZnO nanoparticles play a key role in the medicals and drugs area.ObjectivesIn this study, biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles with new approach to enhanced the Antimicrobial properties against gram-negative and gram-positive was performed by use of a new type of plant extract, Artemisia aucheri, in an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, simple procedure way.Materials and methodsBy adding Zn(NO3)2 to A. aucheri methanol extract followed by stirring The resulted solution and final heat treatment in 200 °C the ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized. Disc diffusion method was applied to evaluation the Antimicrobial properties of the extract and nanoparticles towards resistance into Escherichia coli (gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive).ResultsX-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) result showed all of the peaks proportion to ZnO and no other peaks were detected, also demonstrated nanostructure nature with crystallite size about 9 nm. In the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), there is a band in the 550 cm-1 which is corresponded to ZnO. Also 76 nm average particle size obtained by DLS experiments. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed strong peaks for Zn and O, support supposition of ZnO nanoparticles. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images indicated spherical rounded particles with the size of average 30 nm. Antibacterial tests showed effective diameter about 11 and 10 mm for plant extract and also 7 and 5 mm for ZnO nanoparticles against E. coli (gram-negative) and S. aureus (gram-positive) in agar disc diffusion method, respectively.ConclusionsBiosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles could be a good candidate for antibacterial activity, both against E. coli (gram-negative) and S. aureus (gram-positive) especially for versus E. coli.

Project description:Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) remains the most prevalent nosocomial pathogen and carries the carbapenemase (KPC) gene which confers resistance towards carbapenem. Thus, it is necessary to discover novel antimicrobials to address the issue of antimicrobial resistance in such pathogens. Natural products such as essential oils are a promising source due to their complex composition. Essential oils have been shown to be effective against pathogens, but the overall mechanisms have yet to be fully explained. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of essential oil towards KPC-KP cells would provide a deeper understanding of their potential use in clinical settings. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the mode of action of essential oil against KPC-KP cells from a proteomic perspective by comparing the overall proteome profile of KPC-KP cells treated with cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl) essential oil (CBO) at their sub-inhibitory concentration of 0.08% (v/v). A total of 384 proteins were successfully identified from the non-treated cells, whereas only 242 proteins were identified from the CBO-treated cells. Proteins were then categorized based on their biological processes, cellular components and molecular function prior to pathway analysis. Pathway analysis showed that CBO induced oxidative stress in the KPC-KP cells as indicated by the abundance of oxidative stress regulator proteins such as glycyl radical cofactor, catalase peroxidase and DNA mismatch repair protein. Oxidative stress is likely to oxidize and disrupt the bacterial membrane as shown by the loss of major membrane proteins. Several genes selected for qRT-PCR analysis validated the proteomic profile and were congruent with the proteomic abundance profiles. In conclusion, KPC-KP cells exposed to CBO undergo oxidative stress that eventually disrupts the bacterial membrane possibly via interaction with the phospholipid bilayer. Interestingly, several pathways involved in the bacterial membrane repair system were also affected by oxidative stress, contributing to the loss of cells viability.

Project description:BackgroundThere is worldwide interest in silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized by various chemical reactions for use in applications exploiting their antibacterial activity, even though these processes exhibit a broad range of toxicity in vertebrates and invertebrates alike. To avoid the chemical toxicity, biosynthesis (green synthesis) of metal nanoparticles is proposed as a cost-effective and environmental friendly alternative. Aloe vera leaf extract is a medicinal agent with multiple properties including an antibacterial effect. Moreover the constituents of aloe vera leaves include lignin, hemicellulose, and pectins which can be used in the reduction of silver ions to produce as AgNPs@aloe vera (AgNPs@AV) with antibacterial activity.MethodsAgNPs were prepared by an eco-friendly hydrothermal method using an aloe vera plant extract solution as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. AgNPs@AV were characterized using XRD and SEM. Additionally, an agar well diffusion method was used to screen for antimicrobial activity. MIC and MBC were used to correlate the concentration of AgNPs@AV its bactericidal effect. SEM was used to investigate bacterial inactivation. Then the toxicity with human cells was investigated using an MTT assay.ResultsThe synthesized AgNPs were crystalline with sizes of 70.70 ± 22-192.02 ± 53 nm as revealed using XRD and SEM. The sizes of AgNPs can be varied through alteration of times and temperatures used in their synthesis. These AgNPs were investigated for potential use as an antibacterial agent to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. Their antibacterial activity was tested on S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa. The results showed that AgNPs had a high antibacterial which depended on their synthesis conditions, particularly when processed at 100 oC for 6 h and 200 oC for 12 h. The cytotoxicity of AgNPs was determined using human PBMCs revealing no obvious cytotoxicity. These results indicated that AgNPs@AV can be effectively utilized in pharmaceutical, biotechnological and biomedical applications.DiscussionAloe vera extract was processed using a green and facile method. This was a hydrothermal method to reduce silver nitrate to AgNPs@AV. Varying the hydrothermal temperature provided the fine spherical shaped nanoparticles. The size of the nanomaterial was affected by its thermal preparation. The particle size of AgNPs could be tuned by varying both time and temperature. A process using a pure AG phase could go to completion in 6 h at 200 oC, whereas reactions at lower temperatures required longer times. Moreover, the antibacterial effect of this hybrid nanomaterial was sufficient that it could be used to inhibit pathogenic bacteria since silver release was dependent upon its particle size. The high activity of the largest AgNPs might have resulted from a high concentration of aloe vera compounds incorporated into the AgNPs during hydrothermal synthesis.

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Cinnamomum verum Bark Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Potentiality.

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<i>Cinnamomum verum</i> Bark Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Potentiality.

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