Dataset Information

Structure, Function, Diversity, and Composition of Fungal Communities in Rhizospheric Soil of Coptis chinensis Franch under a Successive Cropping System.

ABSTRACT: Soil types and cropping systems influence the diversity and composition of the rhizospheric microbial communities. Coptis chinensis Franch is one of the most important medicinal plants in China. In the current study, we provide detailed information regarding the diversity and composition of rhizospheric fungal communities of the C. chinensis plants in continuous cropping fields and fallow fields in two seasons (winter and summer), using next-generation sequencing. Alpha diversity was higher in the five-year C. chinensis field and lower in fallow fields. Significant differences analysis confirmed more fungi in the cultivated field soil than in fallow fields. Additionally, PCoA of beta diversity indices revealed that samples associated with the cultivated fields and fallow fields in different seasons were separated. Five fungal phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota and Mucoromycota) were identified from the soil samples in addition to the unclassified fungal taxa and Cryptomycota, and among these phyla, Ascomycota was predominantly found. FUNGuild fungal functional prediction revealed that saprotroph was the dominant trophic type in all two time-series soil samples. Redundancy analysis (RDA) of the dominant phyla data and soil physiochemical properties revealed the variations in fungal community structure in the soil samples. Knowledge from the present study could provide a valuable reference for solving the continuous cropping problems and promote the sustainable development of the C. chinensis industry.

SUBMITTER: Alami MM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7076387 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Structure, Function, Diversity, and Composition of Fungal Communities in Rhizospheric Soil of Coptis chinensis Franch under a Successive Cropping System.

Alami Mohammad Murtaza MM Xue Jinqi J Ma Yutao Y Zhu Dengyan D Abbas Aqleem A Gong Zedan Z Wang Xuekui X

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 20200213 2

Soil types and cropping systems influence the diversity and composition of the rhizospheric microbial communities. Coptis chinensis Franch is one of the most important medicinal plants in China. In the current study, we provide detailed information regarding the diversity and composition of rhizospheric fungal communities of the C. chinensis plants in continuous cropping fields and fallow fields in two seasons (winter and summer), using next-generation sequencing. Alpha diversity w ...[more]

PMID: 32070003

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Project description:Coptidis alkaloids are the primary active components of Coptis chinensis Franch. Clinical and pharmacodynamic studies have confirmed that Coptidis alkaloids have multiple therapeutic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor effects, and they are usually used to treat various inflammatory disorders and related diseases. Mouse bone marrow cells (BMCs) were isolated from BALB/c mice. Immune-mediated destruction of BMCs was induced by interferon (IFN) -?. High-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/ mass spectrometry was used to analyze the ingredients of the aqueous extract from Coptis chinensis Franch. The results confirmed that Coptidis alkaloids were the predominant ingredients in the aqueous extract from Coptis chinensis. The functional mechanism of Coptidis alkaloids in inhibiting immune-mediated destruction of BMCs was studied in vitro. After Coptidis alkaloid treatment, the percentages of apoptotic BMCs and the proliferation and differentiation of helper T (Th) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells were measured by flow cytometry. The expression and distribution of T-bet in BMCs were observed by immunofluorescence. Western blotting analysis was used to assay the expression of key molecules in the Fas apoptosis and Jak/Stats signaling pathways in BMCs. We identified five alkaloids in the aqueous extract of Coptis chinensis. The apoptotic ratios of BMCs induced by IFN-? were decreased significantly after Coptidis alkaloid treatment. The levels of key molecules (Fas, Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-8) in Fas apoptosis signaling pathways also decreased significantly after treatment with low concentrations of Coptidis alkaloids. Coptidis alkaloids were also found to inhibit the proliferation of Th1 and Th17 cells and induce the differentiation of Th2 and Treg cells; further, the distribution of T-bet in BMCs was decreased significantly. In addition, the levels of Stat-1, phospho-Stat-1 and phospho-Stat-3 were also reduced after Coptidis alkaloid treatment. These results indicate that Coptidis alkaloids extracted by water decoction from Coptis chinensis Franch could inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes, attenuate the apoptosis of BMCs, and suppress the immune-mediated destruction of the BMCs induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines.

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Project description:BackgroundThe main planting modes currently used for the production of Coptis chinensis Franch are under the shade of a manmade scaffold or a natural understory. In this study, we analysed changes in the growth, development, and alkaloids of C. chinensis when grown in a natural understory compared with under a manmade scaffold. We also clarified the differences in the rhizosphere soil microenvironment, represented by soil physicochemical factors, enzyme activity, and microbial community structure of 1- to 5-year-old C. chinensis between the different planting modes. These results will provide theoretical guidance and scientific evidence for the development, application, and extension of ecological planting technologies for C. chinensis.ResultsThe results of this study showed that rhizome length, rhizome diameter, and rhizome weight all increased over time in both planting modes. The greatest rhizome length was reached in 4-year-old C. chinensis, while the greatest rhizome diameter and rhizome weight were obtained in 5-year-old C. chinensis. There was no significant difference in rhizome biomass between the two planting modes. The alkaloid content of the four common alkaloids in the rhizome of 5-year-old C. chinensis at the harvest stage met the standards found in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China; the berberine content and total alkaloids in the rhizomes were significantly higher with natural understory planting compared to planting under a manmade scaffold. A redundancy analysis revealed that the physicochemical factors and enzyme activity of rhizosphere soil were significantly correlated with variation in microbial community structure. Soil pH, available potassium, bulk density, available nitrogen, catalase, and peroxidase were all significantly correlated with bacterial and fungal community structures. Among these, soil pH was the most important factor influencing the structures of the fungal and bacterial community. In the two planting modes, the differences in soil enzyme activity and microbial community structure mainly manifested in the rhizosphere soil of C. chinensis between different growth years, as there was little difference between the rhizosphere soil of C. chinensis in a given growth year under different planting modes. The levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter in the rhizosphere soil under either planting mode were closely associated with the type and amount of fertiliser applied to C. chinensis. Investigating the influence of different fertilisation practices on nutrient cycling in farmland and the relationship between fertilisation and the soil environment will be key to improving the yield and quality of C. chinensis medicinal materials while maintaining the health of the soil microenvironment.

Dataset Information

Structure, Function, Diversity, and Composition of Fungal Communities in Rhizospheric Soil of Coptis chinensis Franch under a Successive Cropping System.

Publications

Structure, Function, Diversity, and Composition of Fungal Communities in Rhizospheric Soil of <i>Coptis chinensis</i> Franch under a Successive Cropping System.

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