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Factors associated with professional confidence in Japanese public health nurses: A cross-sectional survey.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:To clarify factors associated with professional confidence in Japanese public health nurses (PHNs) and to examine the relationship between professional confidence and professional competency. DESIGN:A cross-sectional study. SAMPLE:Public health nurses (N = 1,512) working in local government agencies. MEASUREMENTS:An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire with questions on demographic characteristics (sex, age, experience as a PHN, educational background, affiliation, and position) and 34 items on professional confidence developed by the researchers based on a literature review was administered. Factors associated with the professional confidence were extracted through an exploratory factor analysis, and construct validity of the confidence was verified through a confirmatory factor analysis. RESULTS:In total, 883 responses (response rate, 58.4%) were received; only 467 (30.9%) of them were valid. On the basis of the exploratory factor analysis results, professional confidence included 17 items, with the following four factors: "technical practice," "effortful learning," "exploring the evidence," and "educators in workplace." The goodness-of-fit model in the confirmatory factor analysis proved the construct validity of professional confidence. CONCLUSIONS:Professional confidence was gained by self-improvement that reflects on public health practice. Professional confidence underpinned the generalist level of professional competency among PHNs.

SUBMITTER: Ogawa T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7078817 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Factors associated with professional confidence in Japanese public health nurses: A cross-sectional survey.

Ogawa Tomoko T Nakatani Hisae H

Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) 20200119 2

<h4>Objectives</h4>To clarify factors associated with professional confidence in Japanese public health nurses (PHNs) and to examine the relationship between professional confidence and professional competency.<h4>Design</h4>A cross-sectional study.<h4>Sample</h4>Public health nurses (N = 1,512) working in local government agencies.<h4>Measurements</h4>An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire with questions on demographic characteristics (sex, age, experience as a PHN, educational backgroun ...[more]

PMID: 31957123

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Project description:BackgroundPractice nurses have a key role within UK general practice, especially since the 2004 GMS contract. This study aimed to describe that role, identify how professionally supported they felt and their career intentions. An additional aim was to explore whether they felt isolated and identify contributory factors.MethodsA cross-sectional questionnaire survey in one large urban Scottish Health Board, targeted all practice nurses (n = 329). Domains included demographics, workload, training and professional support. Following univariate descriptive statistics, associations between categorical variables were tested using the chi-square test or chi-square test for trend; associations between dichotomous variables were tested using Fisher's Exact test. Variables significantly associated with isolation were entered into a binary logistic regression model using backwards elimination.ResultsThere were 200 responses (61.0% response rate). Most respondents were aged 40 or over and were practice nurses for a median of 10 years. Commonest clinical activities were coronary heart disease management, cervical cytology, diabetes and the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although most had a Personal Development Plan and a recent appraisal, 103 (52.3%) felt isolated at least sometimes; 30 (15.5%) intended leaving practice nursing within 5 years.Isolated nurses worked in practices with smaller list sizes (p = 0.024) and nursing teams (p = 0.003); were less likely to have someone they could discuss a clinical/professional (p = 0.002) or personal (p < 0.001) problem with; used their training and qualifications less (p < 0.001); had less productive appraisals (p < 0.001); and were less likely to intend staying in practice nursing (p = 0.009). Logistic regression analysis showed that nurses working alone or in teams of two were 6-fold and 3.5-fold more likely to feel isolated. Using qualifications and training to the full, having productive appraisals and planning to remain in practice nursing all mitigated against feeling isolated.ConclusionsA significant proportion of practice nurses reported feeling isolated, at least some of the time. They were more likely to be in small practices and more likely to be considering leaving practice nursing. Factors contributing to their isolation were generally located within the practice environment. Providing support to these nurses within their practice setting may help alleviate the feelings of isolation, and could reduce the number considering leaving practice nursing.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Public health genomics is an emerging multidisciplinary approach, which aims to integrate genome-based knowledge in a responsible and effective way into public health. Despite several surveys performed to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and professional behaviors of physicians towards predictive genetic testing, similar surveys have not been carried out for public health practitioners. This study is the first to assess knowledge, attitudes and training needs of public health professionals in the field of predictive genetic testing for chronic diseases. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was used to carry out a cross-sectional survey of a random sample of Italian public health professionals. RESULTS: A response rate of 67.4% (797 questionnaires) was achieved. Italian public health professionals have the necessary attitudinal background to contribute to the proper use of predictive genetic testing for chronic diseases, but they need additional training to increase their methodological knowledge. Knowledge significantly increases with exposure to predictive genetic testing during postgraduate training (odds ratio (OR)?=?1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI)?=?1.05-2.88), time dedicated to continuing medical education (OR?=?1.53, 95% CI?=?1.14-2.04) and level of English language knowledge (OR?=?1.36, 95% CI?=?1.07-1.72). Adequate knowledge is the strongest predictor of positive attitudes from a public health perspective (OR?=?3.98, 95% CI?=?2.44-6.50). Physicians show a lower level of knowledge and more public health attitudes than other public health professionals do. About 80% of public health professionals considered their knowledge inadequate and 86.0% believed that it should be improved through specific postgraduate training courses. CONCLUSIONS: Specific and targeted training initiatives are needed to develop a skilled public health workforce competent in identifying genomic technology that is ready for use in population health and in modeling public health genomic programs and primary care services that need to be developed, implemented and evaluated.

Project description:BackgroundDigital health research repositories propose sharing longitudinal streams of health records and personal sensing data between multiple projects and researchers. Motivated by the prospect of personalizing patient care (precision medicine), these initiatives demand broad public acceptance and large numbers of data contributors, both of which are challenging.ObjectiveThis study investigates public attitudes toward possibly contributing to digital health research repositories to identify factors for their acceptance and to inform future developments.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted from March 2020 to December 2020. Because of the funded project scope and a multicenter collaboration, study recruitment targeted young adults in Denmark and Brazil, allowing an analysis of the differences between 2 very contrasting national contexts. Through closed-ended questions, the survey examined participants' willingness to share different data types, data access preferences, reasons for concern, and motivations to contribute. The survey also collected information about participants' demographics, level of interest in health topics, previous participation in health research, awareness of examples of existing research data repositories, and current attitudes about digital health research repositories. Data analysis consisted of descriptive frequency measures and statistical inferences (bivariate associations and logistic regressions).ResultsThe sample comprises 1017 respondents living in Brazil (1017/1600, 63.56%) and 583 in Denmark (583/1600, 36.44%). The demographics do not differ substantially between participants of these countries. The majority is aged between 18 and 27 years (933/1600, 58.31%), is highly educated (992/1600, 62.00%), uses smartphones (1562/1600, 97.63%), and is in good health (1407/1600, 87.94%). The analysis shows a vast majority were very motivated by helping future patients (1366/1600, 85.38%) and researchers (1253/1600, 78.31%), yet very concerned about unethical projects (1219/1600, 76.19%), profit making without consent (1096/1600, 68.50%), and cyberattacks (1055/1600, 65.94%). Participants' willingness to share data is lower when sharing personal sensing data, such as the content of calls and texts (1206/1600, 75.38%), in contrast to more traditional health research information. Only 13.44% (215/1600) find it desirable to grant data access to private companies, and most would like to stay informed about which projects use their data (1334/1600, 83.38%) and control future data access (1181/1600, 73.81%). Findings indicate that favorable attitudes toward digital health research repositories are related to a personal interest in health topics (odds ratio [OR] 1.49, 95% CI 1.10-2.02; P=.01), previous participation in health research studies (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.24-2.35; P=.001), and awareness of examples of research repositories (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.83-4.38; P<.001).ConclusionsThis study reveals essential factors for acceptance and willingness to share personal data with digital health research repositories. Implications include the importance of being more transparent about the goals and beneficiaries of research projects using and re-using data from repositories, providing participants with greater autonomy for choosing who gets access to which parts of their data, and raising public awareness of the benefits of data sharing for research. In addition, future developments should engage with and reduce risks for those unwilling to participate.

Project description:BackgroundResearch predominantly suggests that nurses are at high risk of developing psychopathology. The empirical data show that the occurrence rate of problem-related sleep quality among clinical nurses is high. Therefore, this study was conducted to address the lack of information on the relationship between the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and insomnia.MethodsA convenience sample of nurses (n = 680) completed an online survey that included the Insomnia severity index, the COVID-19-related psychological distress scale, the general health questionnaire, neuroticism, dysfunctional beliefs, attitudes about sleep scale, and difficulties in emotion regulation scale.ResultsThe results showed that 35.8% (n = 253) of nurses were classified as individuals with moderate to severe clinical insomnia. The results showed that the psychological distress generated by COVID-19 predicted insomnia (β = .47, SE = 0.02, P < .001, t = 13.27, 95% CI 0.31-0.46). Additionally, the association is mediated by psychopathology vulnerabilities, emotion dysregulation, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, and neuroticism. Moreover, female nurses exhibited higher levels of insomnia (Cohen's d = .37), neuroticism (Cohen's d = 30), psychopathology vulnerability (Cohen's d = .26), and COVID-19-related psychological distress (Cohen's d = .23).ConclusionThe present study's findings help to explain how pandemic consequences can be associated with insomnia. Additionally, the findings make a significant contribution to better understanding the role of neuroticism, emotion dysregulation, beliefs, and psychopathology vulnerability in the development of insomnia among nurses. The findings suggest the potential influence of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and transdiagnostic integrated therapies that could be incorporated into therapeutic programs designed to develop as a way of inhibiting or preventing insomnia among clinical nurses.

Dataset Information

Factors associated with professional confidence in Japanese public health nurses: A cross-sectional survey.

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Factors associated with professional confidence in Japanese public health nurses: A cross-sectional survey.

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