Dataset Information

Towards an integrative understanding of soil biodiversity.

ABSTRACT: Soil is one of the most biodiverse terrestrial habitats. Yet, we lack an integrative conceptual framework for understanding the patterns and mechanisms driving soil biodiversity. One of the underlying reasons for our poor understanding of soil biodiversity patterns relates to whether key biodiversity theories (historically developed for aboveground and aquatic organisms) are applicable to patterns of soil biodiversity. Here, we present a systematic literature review to investigate whether and how key biodiversity theories (species-energy relationship, theory of island biogeography, metacommunity theory, niche theory and neutral theory) can explain observed patterns of soil biodiversity. We then discuss two spatial compartments nested within soil at which biodiversity theories can be applied to acknowledge the scale-dependent nature of soil biodiversity.

SUBMITTER: Thakur MP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7078968 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Towards an integrative understanding of soil biodiversity.

Thakur Madhav P MP Phillips Helen R P HRP Brose Ulrich U De Vries Franciska T FT Lavelle Patrick P Loreau Michel M Mathieu Jerome J Mulder Christian C Van der Putten Wim H WH Rillig Matthias C MC Wardle David A DA Bach Elizabeth M EM Bartz Marie L C MLC Bennett Joanne M JM Briones Maria J I MJI Brown George G Decaëns Thibaud T Eisenhauer Nico N Ferlian Olga O Guerra Carlos António CA König-Ries Birgitta B Orgiazzi Alberto A Ramirez Kelly S KS Russell David J DJ Rutgers Michiel M Wall Diana H DH Cameron Erin K EK

Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 20191115 2

Soil is one of the most biodiverse terrestrial habitats. Yet, we lack an integrative conceptual framework for understanding the patterns and mechanisms driving soil biodiversity. One of the underlying reasons for our poor understanding of soil biodiversity patterns relates to whether key biodiversity theories (historically developed for aboveground and aquatic organisms) are applicable to patterns of soil biodiversity. Here, we present a systematic literature review to investigate whether and ho ...[more]

PMID: 31729831

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Project description:BACKGROUND:A so called "taxonomic impediment" has been recognized as a major obstacle to biodiversity research for the past two decades. Numerous remedies were then proposed. However, neither significant progress in terms of formal species descriptions, nor a minimum standard for descriptions have been achieved so far. Here, we analyze the problems of traditional taxonomy which often produces keys and descriptions of limited practical value. We suggest that phylogenetics and phenetics had a subtle and so far unnoticed effect on taxonomy leading to inflated species descriptions. DISCUSSION:The term "turbo-taxonomy" was recently coined for an approach combining cox1 sequences, concise morphological descriptions by an expert taxonomist, and high-resolution digital imaging to streamline the formal description of larger numbers of new species. We propose a further development of this approach which, together with open access web-publication and automated pushing of content from journal into a wiki, may create the most efficient and sustainable way to conduct taxonomy in the future. On demand, highly concise descriptions can be gradually updated or modified in the fully versioned wiki-framework we use. This means that the visibility of additional data is not compromised, while the original species description -the first version- remains preserved in the wiki, and of course in the journal version. A DNA sequence database with an identification engine replaces an identification key, helps to avoid synonyms and has the potential to detect grossly incorrect generic placements. We demonstrate the functionality of a species-description pipeline by naming 101 new species of hyperdiverse New Guinea Trigonopterus weevils in the open-access journal ZooKeys. SUMMARY:Fast track taxonomy will not only increase speed, but also sustainability of global species inventories. It will be of great practical value to all the other disciplines that depend on a usable taxonomy and will change our perception of global biodiversity. While this approach is certainly not suitable for all taxa alike, it is the tool that will help to tackle many hyperdiverse groups and pave the road for more sustainable comparative studies, e.g. in community ecology, phylogeography and large scale biogeographic studies.

Project description:Simple Summary Rice is one of the most significant food crops worldwide, predominantly in Asian countries. Rice plant growth and yield are profoundly affected by salinity stress. Understanding the mechanisms of salinity stress is highly complicated. Therefore, to understand the molecular mechanisms, enhance the yield and development of salinity tolerant cultivars, and achieve spectacular gains in the future, the use of high-throughput frontier technologies must be knotted with a research basis. Keeping these lacunae in mind, this comprehensive review addresses the literature gap and presents the multi-omics and integrative approaches to harnessing the novel avenues of salinity stress mechanisms in rice. Further, this review will be a significant pioneer for researchers working with plant stress biology by employing multi-omics and integrative approaches. Abstract Rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants are simultaneously encountered by environmental stressors, most importantly salinity stress. Salinity is the major hurdle that can negatively impact growth and crop yield. Understanding the salt stress and its associated complex trait mechanisms for enhancing salt tolerance in rice plants would ensure future food security. The main aim of this review is to provide insights and impacts of molecular-physiological responses, biochemical alterations, and plant hormonal signal transduction pathways in rice under saline stress. Furthermore, the review highlights the emerging breakthrough in multi-omics and computational biology in identifying the saline stress-responsive candidate genes and transcription factors (TFs). In addition, the review also summarizes the biotechnological tools, genetic engineering, breeding, and agricultural practicing factors that can be implemented to realize the bottlenecks and opportunities to enhance salt tolerance and develop salinity tolerant rice varieties. Future studies pinpointed the augmentation of powerful tools to dissect the salinity stress-related novel players, reveal in-depth mechanisms and ways to incorporate the available literature, and recent advancements to throw more light on salinity responsive transduction pathways in plants. Particularly, this review unravels the whole picture of salinity stress tolerance in rice by expanding knowledge that focuses on molecular aspects.

Dataset Information

Towards an integrative understanding of soil biodiversity.

Publications

Towards an integrative understanding of soil biodiversity.

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