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Impact of "psychosis risk" identification: Examining predictors of how youth view themselves.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Identifying young people as at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis affords opportunities for intervention to possibly prevent psychosis onset. Yet such CHR identification could plausibly increase stigma. We do not know whether these youth already perceive themselves to be at psychosis-risk (PR) or how their being told they are at PR might impact how they think about themselves. METHODS:148 CHR youth were asked about labels they had been given by others (labeling by others) or with which they personally identified (self-labeling). They were then asked which had the greatest impact on how they thought about themselves. We evaluated whether being told vs. thinking they were at PR had stronger effects. FINDINGS:The majority identified nonpsychotic disorders rather than PR labels as having the greatest impact on sense of self (67.6% vs. 27.7%). However, participants who identified themselves as at PR had an 8.8 (95% CI?=?2.0-39.1) increase in the odds of the PR label having the greatest impact (p?

SUBMITTER: Yang LH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7079577 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Impact of "psychosis risk" identification: Examining predictors of how youth view themselves.

Yang Lawrence H LH Woodberry Kristen A KA Link Bruce G BG Corcoran Cheryl M CM Bryant Caitlin C Shapiro Daniel I DI Downing Donna D Girgis Ragy R RR Brucato Gary G Huang Debbie D Crump Francesca M FM Verdi Mary M McFarlane William R WR Seidman Larry J LJ

Schizophrenia research 20190219

<h4>Background</h4>Identifying young people as at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis affords opportunities for intervention to possibly prevent psychosis onset. Yet such CHR identification could plausibly increase stigma. We do not know whether these youth already perceive themselves to be at psychosis-risk (PR) or how their being told they are at PR might impact how they think about themselves.<h4>Methods</h4>148 CHR youth were asked about labels they had been given by others (labeling by o ...[more]

PMID: 30792136

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Project description:Spontaneous movement abnormalities, occurring independent of medication status, are thought to reflect basal ganglia pathology in patients at ultrahigh risk (UHR) for psychosis. To date, the research literature has primarily focused on movements associated with elevated striatal dopamine (i.e., hyperkinesia) while little is known about motor symptoms associated with low levels of subcortical dopamine (i.e., spontaneous parkinsonisms; SPs). As SPs (e.g., bradykinesia) may be governed by distinct neural mechanisms, this line of research can provide a clearer picture of the etiological processes in the prodrome. AIMS: To examine SPs and striatal structural correlates in youth at risk for psychosis. A total of 81 (35 UHR, 46 healthy controls) adolescents were administered a structured clinical interview, structural MRI scan, and handwriting kinematic analysis capable of assessing SPs that are not detectable by traditional observer-based inventories. The UHR group exhibited significant decreased velocity scaling (indicative of SPs), t(79) = -2.65, P ≤ 0.01, as well as decreased ipsilateral t(68) = -3.16, P ≤ 0.001 and contralateral t(68) = -3.32, P ≤ 0.001 putamen volume compared with the healthy control group. Further, decreased velocity scaling was significantly associated with smaller ipsilateral putamen r(68) = 0.23, P ≤ 0.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) (-0.005, 0.44), left r(68) = 0.23, P ≤ 0.05, 95% CI (-0.005, 0.44) and right r(68) = 0.21, P ≤ 0.05, 95% CI (-0.03, 0.42) caudate volume, as well as increased positive r(79) = - 0.20, P = 0.05, 95% CI (-0.40, - 0.02) and negative r(79) = - 0.27, P ≤ 0.05, 95% CI (-0.46, -0.06) symptoms across the sample. These findings represent the first evidence for hypokinetic movement abnormalities in the UHR period, indicating that pathophysiological processes in UHR patients may also involve hypodopaminergia. The results implicate a dopamine-induced imbalance contributing to frontal-subcortical circuit dysfunction in the psychosis prodrome.

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Impact of "psychosis risk" identification: Examining predictors of how youth view themselves.

Publications

Impact of "psychosis risk" identification: Examining predictors of how youth view themselves.

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