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Short-term outcome of critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To document the outcome and determine prognostic factors for patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome who require admission to an intensive care unit. DESIGN:Observational cohort study involving retrospective analysis of demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data. SETTING:Adult intensive care unit in a tertiary referral university hospital involved in a major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). PATIENTS:The first 54 patients admitted with SARS to an intensive care unit (ICU). All were treated with corticosteroids, ribavirin, broad spectrum antimicrobials and supportive therapy. INTERVENTIONS:None. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS:All patients were admitted for respiratory failure. The median APACHE II score was 11 (interquartile range 8-13). At 28 days 34 patients (63%; 95% CI 49.6-74.6) were alive and not mechanically ventilated. Six patients were alive but ventilated (11.3%; 95% confidence interval 5.3-22.6) and 14 had died (25.9%; CI 16.1-38.9). Seven of 27 ventilated patients developed evidence of barotrauma (25.9%; 95% CI 13.2-44.7). Median maximal multiple-organ dysfunction score was 5 (interquartile range 3.3-9). Median maximal respiratory dysfunction score was 3 (interquartile range 3-4). Increased age, severity of illness, lymphocyte count, decreased steroid dose, positive fluid balance, chronic disease or immunosuppression and nosocomial sepsis were associated with poor outcome on univariate analysis. Poor outcome was defined as death or need for mechanical ventilation at 28 days after ICU admission. CONCLUSIONS:Mortality amongst critically ill patients with SARS is high. It causes predominantly severe respiratory failure, with little other organ failure, and a high incidence of barotrauma amongst those requiring mechanical ventilation.

SUBMITTER: Gomersall CD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7080204 | biostudies-literature | 2004 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Short-term outcome of critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome.

Gomersall Charles D CD Joynt Gavin M GM Lam Philip P Li Thomas T Yap Florence F Lam Doris D Buckley Thomas A TA Sung Joseph J Y JJ Hui David S DS Antonio Gregory E GE Ahuja Anil T AT Leung Patricia P

Intensive care medicine 20040123 3

<h4>Objective</h4>To document the outcome and determine prognostic factors for patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome who require admission to an intensive care unit.<h4>Design</h4>Observational cohort study involving retrospective analysis of demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data.<h4>Setting</h4>Adult intensive care unit in a tertiary referral university hospital involved in a major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).<h4>Patients</h4>The first 54 pat ...[more]

PMID: 14740156

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Project description:Seizures are common among critically ill children, but their relationship to outcome remains unclear. We sought to quantify the relationship between electrographic seizure burden and short-term neurological outcome, while controlling for diagnosis and illness severity. Furthermore, we sought to determine whether there is a seizure burden threshold above which there is an increased probability of neurological decline. We prospectively evaluated all infants and children admitted to our paediatric and cardiac intensive care units who underwent clinically ordered continuous video-electroencephalography monitoring over a 3-year period. Seizure burden was quantified by calculating the maximum percentage of any hour that was occupied by electrographic seizures. Outcome measures included neurological decline, defined as a worsening Paediatric Cerebral Performance Category score between hospital admission and discharge, and in-hospital mortality. Two hundred and fifty-nine subjects were evaluated (51% male) with a median age of 2.2 years (interquartile range: 0.3 days-9.7 years). The median duration of continuous video-electroencephalography monitoring was 37 h (interquartile range: 21-56 h). Seizures occurred in 93 subjects (36%, 95% confidence interval = 30-42%), with 23 (9%, 95% confidence interval = 5-12%) experiencing status epilepticus. Neurological decline was observed in 174 subjects (67%), who had a mean maximum seizure burden of 15.7% per hour, compared to 1.8% per hour for those without neurological decline (P < 0.0001). Above a maximum seizure burden threshold of 20% per hour (12 min), both the probability and magnitude of neurological decline rose sharply (P < 0.0001) across all diagnostic categories. On multivariable analysis adjusting for diagnosis and illness severity, the odds of neurological decline increased by 1.13 (95% confidence interval = 1.05-1.21, P = 0.0016) for every 1% increase in maximum hourly seizure burden. Seizure burden was not associated with mortality (odds ratio: 1.003, 95% confidence interval: 0.99-1.02, P = 0.613). We conclude that in this cohort of critically ill children, increasing seizure burden was independently associated with a greater probability and magnitude of neurological decline. Our observation that a seizure burden of more than 12 min in a given hour was strongly associated with neurological decline suggests that early antiepileptic drug management is warranted in this population, and identifies this seizure burden threshold as a potential therapeutic target. These findings support the hypothesis that electrographic seizures independently contribute to brain injury and worsen outcome. Our results motivate and inform the design of future studies to determine whether more aggressive seizure treatment can improve outcome.

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Short-term outcome of critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome.

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Short-term outcome of critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome.

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