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Perinatal Factors Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Jamaican Children.

ABSTRACT: Mode of delivery, preterm birth, and low birth weight (LBW) are hypothesized to be associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the offspring. Using data from 343 ASD cases (2-8 years) and their age- and sex-matched typically developing controls in Jamaica we investigated these hypotheses. Our statistical analyses revealed that the parish of residence could modify the association between cesarean delivery and ASD, with a difference found in this relationship in Kingston parish [matched odds ratio (MOR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) 2.30 (1.17-4.53)] and other parishes [MOR (95% CI) 0.87 (0.48-1.59)]. Although the associations of LBW and preterm birth with ASD were not significant, we observed a significant interaction between LBW and the household socioeconomic status. These findings require replication.

SUBMITTER: Saroukhani S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7080579 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Perinatal Factors Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Jamaican Children.

Saroukhani Sepideh S Samms-Vaughan Maureen M Lee MinJae M Bach MacKinsey A MA Bressler Jan J Hessabi Manouchehr M Grove Megan L ML Shakespeare-Pellington Sydonnie S Loveland Katherine A KA Rahbar Mohammad H MH

Journal of autism and developmental disorders 20200901 9

Mode of delivery, preterm birth, and low birth weight (LBW) are hypothesized to be associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the offspring. Using data from 343 ASD cases (2-8 years) and their age- and sex-matched typically developing controls in Jamaica we investigated these hypotheses. Our statistical analyses revealed that the parish of residence could modify the association between cesarean delivery and ASD, with a difference found in this relationship in Kingston parish [matched odds ...[more]

PMID: 31538260

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Metabolomic profiles in Jamaican children with and without autism spectrum disorder.

Project description:BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with a wide range of behavioral and cognitive impairments. While genetic and environmental factors are known to contribute to its etiology, the underlying metabolic perturbations associated with ASD which can potentially connect genetic and environmental factors, remain poorly understood. Therefore, we conducted a metabolomic case-control study and performed a comprehensive analysis to identify significant alterations in metabolite profiles between children with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls.ObjectiveTo elucidate potential metabolomic signatures associated with ASD in children and identify specific metabolites that may serve as biomarkers for the disorder.MethodsWe conducted metabolomic profiling on plasma samples from participants in the second phase of Epidemiological Research on Autism in Jamaica (ERAJ-2), which was a 1:1 age (±6 months)-and sex-matched cohort of 200 children with ASD and 200 TD controls (2-8 years old). Using high-throughput liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques, we performed a targeted metabolite analysis, encompassing amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and other key metabolic compounds. After quality control and imputation of missing values, we performed univariable and multivariable analysis using normalized metabolites while adjusting for covariates, age, sex, socioeconomic status, and child's parish of birth.ResultsOur findings revealed unique metabolic patterns in children with ASD for four metabolites compared to TD controls. Notably, three of these metabolites were fatty acids, including myristoleic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid, and octadecenoic acid. Additionally, the amino acid sarcosine exhibited a significant association with ASD.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the role of metabolites in the etiology of ASD and suggest opportunities for the development of targeted interventions.

| S-EPMC10980079 | biostudies-literature

Association of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Organochlorine Pesticides with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Jamaican Children.

Project description:BackgroundPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides are suspected to play a role in autism spectrum disorder (ASD).ObjectivesTo investigate associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD in Jamaican children and explore possible interaction between PCBs or OC pesticides with glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1) in relation to ASD.MethodsParticipants included n=169 age- and sex-matched case-control pairs of Jamaican children 2-8 years old. Socioeconomic status and food frequency data were self-reported by the parents/guardians. Blood from each participant was analyzed for 100 PCB congeners and 17 OC pesticides and genotyped for three GST genes. PCBs and OC pesticides concentrations below the limit of detection (LoD) were replaced with (LoD/√2). We used conditional logistic regression (CLR) models to assess associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD, individually or interactively with GST genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1).ResultsWe found inverse associations of PCB-153 [adjusted MOR (95% CI) = 0.44 (0.23-0.86)] and PCB-180 [adjusted MOR (95% CI) = 0.52 (0.28-0.95)] with ASD. When adjusted for covariates in a CLR the interaction between GSTM1 and PCB-153 became significant (P < 0.01).DiscussionDifferences in diet between ASD and typically developing control groups may play a role in the observed findings of lower concentrations of PCB-153 and PCB-180 in individuals with ASD than in controls. Considering the limited sample size and high proportion of concentrations below the LoD, these results should be interpreted with caution but warrant further investigation into associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD.

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Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors associated with autism spectrum disorder cases in Xuzhou, China.

Project description:BackgroundThe aim of the present study was to explore the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal risk factors in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from Xuzhou, China by comparing them with healthy children.MethodsChildren with ASD who received rehabilitation training at special education schools and rehabilitation institutions in Xuzhou were selected as the ASD group, and healthy children during the same period were selected as the healthy non-ASD group. A questionnaire based on the possible causes and susceptibility factors of ASD in children was issued and given to all children in this study.ResultsThe findings of the present study revealed a higher prevalence of prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors in children with ASD compared with healthy children. There were significantly more males than females in the ASD group, and the proportion of boys to girls was 5.81:1 (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis suggested that the risk factors of male children developing ASD were feeding difficulties, poor living environment during pregnancy, maternal exposure to cigarette smoking during pregnancy, and perinatal hypoxia. Factors associated with ASD risk among were identified, such as living environment during pregnancy, delivery method, feeding difficulties, and epilepsy (P<0.05). Feeding difficulties and living in the countryside during pregnancy might be risk factors for ASD in girls according to the logistic regression analysis.ConclusionsThis survey confirmed the high prevalence of prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors in children with ASD. Some of these factors may be effective entry points for the prevention and treatment of ASD.

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Interaction of Blood Manganese Concentrations with GSTT1 in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder in Jamaican Children.

Project description:Using data from 266 age- and sex-matched pairs of Jamaican children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) controls (2-8 years), we investigated whether glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) modifies the association between blood manganese concentrations (BMC) and ASD. After adjusting conditional logistic regression models for socioeconomic status and the interaction between GSTT1 and GSTP1 (glutathione S-transferase pi 1), using a recessive genetic model for GSTT1 and either a co-dominant or dominant model for GSTP1, the interaction between GSTT1 and BMC was significant (P = 0.02, P = 0.01, respectively). Compared to controls, ASD cases with GSTT1-DD genotype had 4.33 and 4.34 times higher odds of BMC > 12 vs. ≤ 8.3 μg/L, respectively. Replication in other populations is warranted.

| S-EPMC7936003 | biostudies-literature

Role of metabolic genes in blood arsenic concentrations of Jamaican children with and without autism spectrum disorder.

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Role of Metabolic Genes in Blood Aluminum Concentrations of Jamaican Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.

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| S-EPMC5129305 | biostudies-literature

Affymetrix CytoScan HD for autism spectrum disorder in children

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2018-05-25 | GSE114870 | GEO

Proteomics Analysis of Saliva from Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Factors associated with parental ratings of condition severity for children with autism spectrum disorder.

Project description:BackgroundThere is currently little consensus on how the severity of a child's autism spectrum disorder (ASD) should be measured, and yet despite the lack of a standardized definition, parents were readily able to answer a question asking them to describe the severity of his/her child's ASD in a national survey.ObjectiveThe current study examined factors associated with a parent's judgment of ASD severity, by identifying child and household characteristics that were associated with a parent's severity rating of his/her child's ASD, including child ASD symptomatology, child impact, and family impact.MethodsData came from the 2011 Survey of Pathways to Diagnosis and Services ("Pathways"). A total of 967 parents in households with a child diagnosed with ASD between the ages of 6-17 were eligible for the current study. A measurement model was used to create latent factors of child symptoms, child impact, and family impact; multivariate logistic regression models examined the relationship between these latent factors and the parent's severity rating of their child's ASD.ResultsChildren with higher family impact factor scores were more likely to have parents who rated their child's ASD as the most severe. Surprisingly, symptomatology and impact on the child were less predictive of severe ratings.ConclusionsA parent's conceptualization of their child's ASD severity may vary more as a function of the impact of the child's condition on the family and less as a function of the symptoms exhibited by the child or the impact directly felt by the child.

| S-EPMC4652641 | biostudies-literature

Transcription profiling of human blood from children with autism spectrum disorder

Project description:Gene expression in blood of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was studied. Transcriptional profiles were compared with age and gender matched, typically developing children from the general population (GP) or IQ matched children with mental retardation or developmental delay (MR/DD). Experiment Overall Design: Transcriptional profiles were compared with age and gender matched, typically developing children from the general population (GP) or IQ matched children with mental retardation or developmental delay (MR/DD)

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