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Abomasitis in calves: A retrospective cohort study of 23 cases (2006-2016).

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Abomasitis is a syndrome affecting young milk-fed calves. The current veterinary literature describes mainly its necropsy findings. OBJECTIVES:To describe the clinical presentation, complementary tests, treatments, and case-fatality rate of calves with a clinical diagnosis of abomasitis and to identify potential factors associated with outcome. METHODS:Observational retrospective cohort study (2006-2016). Review of the medical records of calves <3?months of age presented with abdominal and abomasal distension for <7?days that were clinically diagnosed with abomasitis at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Université de Montréal. A follow-up examination was conducted by telephone interview. ANIMALS:Twenty-three calves clinically diagnosed with abomasitis. RESULTS:Median age of presentation was 3?days (range, 0-62?days). The typical duration of the clinical course was <24?hours (15/23). On admission, the 2 most common clinical signs were anorexia (13/14) and positive succussion (13/14). Hyper-l-lactatemia (15/16) and increased ?-glutamyl-transferase activity (13/14) were the most common laboratory abnormalities. Hypoproteinemia (19/22) and a left shift (15/18) of the neutrophils also were observed. The short-term case-fatality rate was 52% (12/23). The clinical diagnosis was confirmed on all necropsied calves. Clostridium spp. and Escherichia coli were the most frequently isolated bacteria. Based on univariate statistical analysis, the surviving calves were significantly (P?

SUBMITTER: Guarnieri E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7096666 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Abomasitis in calves: A retrospective cohort study of 23 cases (2006-2016).

Guarnieri Eloi E Fecteau Gilles G Berman Julie J Desrochers André A Babkine Marie M Nichols Sylvain S Francoz David D

Journal of veterinary internal medicine 20200214 2

<h4>Background</h4>Abomasitis is a syndrome affecting young milk-fed calves. The current veterinary literature describes mainly its necropsy findings.<h4>Objectives</h4>To describe the clinical presentation, complementary tests, treatments, and case-fatality rate of calves with a clinical diagnosis of abomasitis and to identify potential factors associated with outcome.<h4>Methods</h4>Observational retrospective cohort study (2006-2016). Review of the medical records of calves <3 months of age p ...[more]

PMID: 32056284

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Nationwide studies on contemporary trends in incidence of diabetes-related complications in Asia are lacking. We describe trends in incident coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, heart failure, hyperglycaemic crisis, and lower-extremity amputation (LEA) in people with diabetes in Hong Kong between 2001 and 2016. METHODS:The Hong Kong Diabetes Surveillance Database (HKDSD) is a territory-wide diabetes cohort identified from Hong Kong Hospital Authority electronic medical record system. We identified events of CHD, stroke, heart failure and hyperglycaemic crisis using hospital principal diagnosis codes at discharge and that of LEA using inpatient procedure codes. We used Joinpoint regression analysis to describe incidence trends by age and sex. RESULTS:Between 2001 and 2016, a total of 390,071 men and 380,007 women aged 20 years or older with diabetes were included in the HKDSD. Event rates of CHD, stroke, heart failure, hyperglycaemic crisis and LEA declined by 69.4% (average annual percent change: -?7.6, 95% CI -?10.2, -?5.0), 70.3% (-?8.7, 95% CI -?9.8, -?7.5), 63.6% (-?6.4, 95% CI -?8.0, -?4.7), 59.1% (-?6.6, 95% CI -?12.4, -?0.44), and 67.5% (-?5.8, 95% CI -?7.2, -?4.4), in men and by 77.5% (-?9.9, 95% CI -?11.8, -?7.9), 74.5% (-?9.0, 95% CI -?9.6, -?8.4), 65.8% (-?7.0, 95% CI -?8.0, -?6.0), 81.7% (-?8.5, 95% CI -?10.5, -?6.5), and 72.7% (-?9.1. 95% CI -?12.2, -?5.8) in women, respectively, over a 16-year period in people with diabetes in Hong Kong. Joinpoint analysis identified greater declines in event rates of the five diabetes-related complications in the earlier one-third of study period and slowed down but remained significant until 2016. Event rates decreased for all age groups above 45 years for both sexes. There was no significant change in event rates in the group aged 20-44 years except for decline in hyperglycaemic crisis. CONCLUSIONS:The event rates of diabetes-related complications have declined substantially with no evidence of stabilization or increase in Hong Kong up to 2016. Improvements in outcome were observed for all age subgroups but not in young people with diabetes, calling for urgent action to improve quality of care to prevent complications in young people at risk.

Project description:Introducción. La tuberculosis extremadamente resistente a los medicamentos (TB-XDR) es el resultado de deficiencias en la administración del tratamiento y en la prevención de la transmisión de la enfermedad; además, es un reto para los programas nacionales de control de la tuberculosis. Objetivo. Describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los casos de TB-XDR diagnosticados en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se trata de un estudio de serie de casos, de pacientes con diagnóstico de TB-XDR, de 2006 a 2016 en Colombia. Las fuentes de información fueron el formato único de vigilancia y la base de datos del Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Se analizaron las variables: entidad territorial de procedencia, sexo, edad, régimen de afiliación, forma de tuberculosis, coinfección tuberculosis-HIV, patrón de sensibilidad a los fármacos de segunda línea y resultado (vivo o muerto). Resultados. En el período de estudio, se diagnosticaron 51 casos de TB-XDR, 28 hombres y 23 mujeres, con un promedio anual de cinco casos. En los departamentos de Antioquia, Valle del Cauca y Atlántico, se presentaron 46 (90 %) de los casos. El rango de edad fue de 5 a 81 años y, la mediana, de 40 años. De los 51 pacientes, 32 (63 %) estaban afiliados al régimen subsidiado de salud y 46 (90 %) presentaron tuberculosis pulmonar; de los 22 a quienes se les practicó la prueba para HIV, en tres (13,6 %) había coinfección con HIV, y 29 (57 %) murieron. Los fármacos a los cuales hubo mayor resistencia, fueron ofloxacina en 45 (88 %) casos y amikacina en 43 (84 %). Conclusión. La TB-XDR se presentó principalmente en formas pulmonares, lo cual aumenta la probabilidad de transmisión en la comunidad y se refleja en la aparición de tuberculosis resistente en menores de 15 años. La población más afectada es la económicamente activa, con una gran mortalidad. El Programa Nacional de Prevención y Control de la Tuberculosis debe generar estrategias para evitar la propagación de cepas resistentes.

Project description:Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation and have recently been shown to play a role in cancer metastasis. In solid tumors, especially breast cancer, alterations in miRNA expression contribute to cancer pathogenesis, including metastasis. Considering the emerging role of miRNAs in metastasis, the identification of predictive markers is necessary to further understanding of stage-specific breast cancer development. This is a retrospective analysis that aimed to identify molecular biomarkers related to distant breast cancer metastasis development.<br><br>Methods: A retrospective case cohort study was performed in 64 breast cancer patients treated during the period from 1998-2001. The case group (n=29) consisted of patients with a poor prognosis who presented with breast cancer recurrence or metastasis during follow up. The control group (n=35) consisted of a random sample of patients with a good prognosis who did not develop breast cancer recurrence or metastasis. These patient groups were stratified according to TNM clinical stage (CS) I, II and III, and the main clinical features of the patients were homogeneous. miRNA profiling was performed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors. Biomarkers related to metastatic potential were identified independent of clinical stage, and a cutoff point was selected based on the optimal sensitivity and specificity (ROC curve). Finally, a hazard risk analysis of these biomarkers was performed to evaluate their relation to metastatic potential. <br><br>Results: miRNA expression profiling identified several miRNAs that were either specific and shared across all clinical stages (p?0.05). Among these, we identified miRNAs previously associated with cell motility (let-7 family), cell proliferation and invasion (hsa-miR-16 and has-miR-205) and distant metastasis (hsa-miR-21). In addition, hsa-miR-494 and hsa-miR-21 were up-regulated in metastatic cases of CSI and II. Furthermore, the combination of the 3 miRNAs identified for CSII (hsa-miR-494, hsa-miR-183 and hsa-miR-21) was significant and were a more effective risk marker compared to the single miRNAs. <br><br>Conclusions: Women with metastatic breast cancer, especially CSII, presented up-regulated levels of miR-183, miR-494 and miR-21, which were associated with a poor prognosis. These miRNAs therefore represent new risk biomarkers of breast cancer metastasis and may be useful for future targeted therapies.

Dataset Information

Abomasitis in calves: A retrospective cohort study of 23 cases (2006-2016).

Publications

Abomasitis in calves: A retrospective cohort study of 23 cases (2006-2016).

Similar Datasets

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