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Characteristics and outcomes of oral antibiotic treated pulmonary exacerbations in children with cystic fibrosis.


ABSTRACT:

Background

Pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) are frequently treated in the outpatient setting with oral antibiotics. However, little is known about the characteristics of PEx managed on an outpatient basis and the effectiveness of oral antibiotic therapy. We sought to prospectively evaluate clinical and laboratory changes associated with oral antibiotic treatment for PEx.

Methods

Children with CF between 8 and 18?years of age prescribed two weeks of oral antibiotics for a PEx were eligible to enroll. The study consisted of a visit within 48?h of starting antibiotics and a second visit within one week of antibiotic completion. Twenty-eight participants were evaluated by exacerbation score, quality of life measurements, lung function, sputum microbiology and inflammation.

Results

Oral antibiotic treatment was associated with a significant improvement in exacerbation score and quality of life measured by the CF Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R) respiratory domain. Following treatment, forced expiratory volume in 1?s (FEV1) % predicted increased [median (range)] 9% (-8%, 31%), and 22 (81%) subjects returned to 90% or higher of baseline FEV1. Bacterial density of the primary organism identified on sputum culture decreased significantly with a median (range) decrease of 0.8 log10 cfu/mL (-8 log10, 2 log10, p?=?0.03). Sputum neutrophil elastase [-37??g/mL (-464, 272), p?=?0.02] and IL-1? [-2.8?×?103?g/mL (-6.9?×?104, 3.3?×?104), p?=?0.03] decreased significantly following treatment in this cohort.

Conclusions

Treatment of PEx with oral antibiotics was associated with measurable improvements in patient reported outcomes, lung function, bacterial density and sputum inflammatory markers.

SUBMITTER: Hoppe JE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7105204 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Characteristics and outcomes of oral antibiotic treated pulmonary exacerbations in children with cystic fibrosis.

Hoppe Jordana E JE   Wagner Brandie D BD   Accurso Frank J FJ   Zemanick Edith T ET   Sagel Scott D SD  

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society 20180618 6


<h4>Background</h4>Pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) are frequently treated in the outpatient setting with oral antibiotics. However, little is known about the characteristics of PEx managed on an outpatient basis and the effectiveness of oral antibiotic therapy. We sought to prospectively evaluate clinical and laboratory changes associated with oral antibiotic treatment for PEx.<h4>Methods</h4>Children with CF between 8 and 18 years of age prescribed two weeks  ...[more]

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