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Characterization and pathogenicity of a novel mammalian orthoreovirus from wild short-nosed fruit bats.

ABSTRACT: Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) have a wide range of geographic distribution and have been isolated from humans and various animals. This study describes the isolation, molecular characterization and analysis of pathogenicity of MRV variant B/03 from wild short-nosed fruit bats. Negative stain electron microscopy illustrated that the B/03 strain is a non-enveloped icosahedral virus with a diameter of 70nm. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) migration patterns showed that the B/03 viral genome contains 10 segments in a 3:3:4 arrangement. The isolate belongs to MRV serotype 1 based on S1 gene nucleotide sequence data. BALB/c mice experimentally infected with B/03 virus by intranasal inoculation developed severe respiratory distress with tissue damage and inflammation. Lastly, B/03 virus has an increased transmission risk between bats and humans or animals.

SUBMITTER: Li Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7106163 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Characterization and pathogenicity of a novel mammalian orthoreovirus from wild short-nosed fruit bats.

Li Zhijie Z Liu Dafei D Ran Xuhua X Liu Chunguo C Guo Dongchun D Hu Xiaoliang X Tian Jin J Zhang Xiaozhan X Shao Yuhao Y Liu Shengwang S Qu Liandong L

Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases 20160531

Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) have a wide range of geographic distribution and have been isolated from humans and various animals. This study describes the isolation, molecular characterization and analysis of pathogenicity of MRV variant B/03 from wild short-nosed fruit bats. Negative stain electron microscopy illustrated that the B/03 strain is a non-enveloped icosahedral virus with a diameter of 70nm. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) migration patterns s ...[more]

PMID: 27259366

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Project description:Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) infect a wide range of hosts, including humans, livestock, and wildlife. In the present study, we isolated a novel Mammalian orthoreovirus from the intestine of a microbat (Myotis aurascens) and investigated its biological and pathological characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the new isolate was serotype 2, sharing the segments with those from different hosts. Our results showed that it can infect a wide range of cell lines from different mammalian species, including human, swine, and non-human primate cell lines. Additionally, media containing trypsin, yeast extract, and tryptose phosphate broth promoted virus propagation in primate cell lines and most human cell lines, but not in A549 and porcine cell lines. Mice infected with this strain via the intranasal route, but not via the oral route, exhibited weight loss and respiratory distress. The virus is distributed in a broad range of organs and causes lung damage. In vitro and in vivo experiments also suggested that the new virus could be a neurotropic infectious strain that can infect a neuroblastoma cell line and replicate in the brains of infected mice. Additionally, it caused a delayed immune response, as indicated by the high expression levels of cytokines and chemokines only at 14 days post-infection (dpi). These data provide an important understanding of the genetics and pathogenicity of mammalian orthoreoviruses in bats at risk of spillover infections.IMPORTANCEMammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) have a broad range of hosts and can cause serious respiratory and gastroenteritis diseases in humans and livestock. Some strains infect the central nervous system, causing severe encephalitis. In this study, we identified BatMRV2/SNU1/Korea/2021, a reassortment of MRV serotype 2, isolated from bats with broad tissue tropism, including the neurological system. In addition, it has been shown to cause respiratory syndrome in mouse models. The given data will provide more evidence of the risk of mammalian orthoreovirus transmission from wildlife to various animal species and the sources of spillover infections.

Dataset Information

Characterization and pathogenicity of a novel mammalian orthoreovirus from wild short-nosed fruit bats.

Publications

Characterization and pathogenicity of a novel mammalian orthoreovirus from wild short-nosed fruit bats.

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